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Biology Midterm!
vocabulary, and helping hints
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atom | basic unit of matter |
| electron | negatively charged particle |
| neutron | no charge |
| proton | positively charged particle |
| isotope | atom of an element that has a number of neutrons different from the other atoms of the same element |
| compound | substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements |
| ionic bond | bond formed by one or more electron transferees from one atom to another |
| ion | atom that has a positive or negative charge |
| covalent bond | sharing of electrons between atoms |
| valence electron | electron located in the outside shell of the atom |
| van der wals forces | attraction that develops between the oppositely charged regions of close molecules |
| cohesion | attraction of molecules of the same substance |
| adhesion | attraction between molecules of different substances |
| suspension | mixture of water and non-dissolved materials |
| buffer | weak acid or base |
| monomer | join to make polymers |
| carbohydrate | compound made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen |
| monosaccharide | simple sugar molecule |
| lipid | made of mainly carbon and hydrogen atoms |
| glycerol | colorless odorless liquid |
| amino acid | -NH2 on one side -COOH oh the other |
| catalyst | speeds up rate of a chemical reaction |
| enzyme | biological catalyst |
| substrate | reactant of a enzyme-catalyzed reaction |
| denature | change its original state |
| lipid bi-layer | double layered - forms core of nearly all cell membranes |
| isotonic | concentration of 2 solutions is the same |
| facilitated diffusion | movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels |
| passive transport | transport of a substance across a cell membrane by diffusion; expenditure of energy is not required |
| concentration gradient | gradual difference in concentration of a dissolved substance in a solution |
| phagocytosis | process where extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf large particles and take them into the cell |
| pinocytosis | process where a cell takes in liquid from the surrounding environment |
| monomers of CARBOHYDRATES | monosaccharide |
| functions of CARBOHYDRATES | energy/ storage of |
| examples and types of CARBOHYDRATES | glucose/fructose/sucrose |
| monomers of LIPIDS | fatty acid & glycerol |
| functions of LIPIDS | protect cell |
| examples and types of LIPIDS | butter/olive oil/cell membrane |
| monomers of PROTEINS | amino acids |
| functions of PROTEINS | storage/enzyme transport |
| examples and types of PROTEINS | enzymes/skin/muscles |
| monomers of NUCLEIC ACIDS | nucleotide |
| functions of NUCLEIC ACIDS | stores and transmits genetic information |
| examples and types of NUCLEIC ACIDS | genetic information |
Created by:
kimberlieeeeb
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