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AP GOPO Vocabulary
Vocabulary Terms and definitions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Attentive Public | those who follow politics and public affairs carefully |
| Australian Ballot | secret ballot printed at the expense of the state |
| Balancing the ticket | occurs when a presidential nominee chooses a vice presidential running mate who has different qualities in order to attract more votes for the ticket |
| Blanket Primary | election to choose candidates that is open to independents, and allows voters to choose candidates from all the parties. |
| Caucus | local party meeting |
| Closed Primary | party election to choose candidates that is closed to independents. Voters may not cross party lines. |
| Coattail effect | the influence of a popular presidential candidate on the election of congressional candidates of the same party. |
| Demographics | characteristics of populations, e.g., race, sex, income. |
| Direct Election | election of an official directly by the people rather than an intermediary group such as the Electoral College |
| Direct Primary | election in which the people choose candidates for office |
| Fixed Terms | terms of office that have a definite length of time, e.g., two years for a member of the House. |
| Front Loading | scheduling presidential primary elections early (e.g., February or March) in an election year. |
| Gender Gap | difference in voting patterns for men and women, particularly in the greater tendency of the latter to vote for Democratic presidential candidates. |
| General Election | election in which the officeholders are chosen. Contrast with a primary election, in which only the candidates are chosen. |
| Hard Money | campaign contributions donated directly to candidates. |
| Ideology | sets of beliefs about political values and the role of government. |
| Incumbent | an officeholder who is seeking reelection. |
| Independent | one is not registered with a political party. Independent leaners tend to vote for candidates of one particular party, whereas pure independents have no consistent pattern of party voting. |
| Issue Advocacy Ads | ads that focus on issues and do not explicitly encourage citizens to vote for a certain candidate. |
| Open Primary | election to choose candidates that is open to independents, and in which voters may choose candidates from any one party. |
| Party identification | a sense of affiliation that a person has with a particular political party. |
| Party platform | a list of positions and programs that the party adopts at the national convention. Each position is called a plank. |
| Political culture | the widely shared beliefs, values, and norms that citizens share about their government. |
| Plurality | more votes than anyone else, but less than half. Plurality elections such as those for Congress are won by the person with the most votes, regardless if he/she has a majority. |
| Political efficacy | capacity to understand and influence political events |
| Political Socialization | process in which one acquires his/her political beliefs. |
| Realigning ("critical") election | an election in which there is a long term change in party alignment, e.g., 1932 |
| Safe Seat | an office that is extremely likely to be won by a particular candidate or political party. |
| Single member district system | system in which the people elect one representative per district. With a winner-take-all rule, this system strengthens the two major parties and weakens minor parties. |
| Soft Money | campaign distributions that are not donated directly to candidates, but are instead donated to parties. |
| Solid South | historically, the South voted solidly Democratic. However, the South is now strongly Republican: Bush carried every Southern state in 2000. |
| Split Ticket Voting | casting votes for candidates of one's own party and for candidates of opposing parties, e.g., voting for a Republican presidential candidate and a Democratic congressional candidate. |
| Straight Ticket Voting | casting votes only for candidates of one's party. |
| Suffrage | the right to vote |
| Superdelegate | a delegate to the Democratic national convention who is there by virtue of holding an office |
| Super Tuesday | a Tuesday in early March in which many presidential primaries, particularly in the South, are held. |
| Swing State | a state that does not consistently vote either Democratic or Republican in presidential elections. |
Created by:
alexr1540
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