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Ch.7 Cell Structure
And Functions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Basic unit of life | Cell |
| Idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are basic units of life, and new cells are can only be produced from existing cells | Cell theory |
| Organelle that contains DNA and controls the processes of a cell | Nucleus |
| A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles | Eukaryote |
| Unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane bound organelles | Prokaryote |
| Tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function withing the cell | Organelle |
| Region of cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus | Cytoplasm |
| Layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus of a cell | Nuclear envelope |
| Long strands of DNA found in the nucleus of an eukaryotic cell; condenses to form chromosomes | Chromatin |
| Threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes | Chromosomes |
| Organelles where ribosomes are made, synthesized and partially assembled, located in the nucleus | Nucleolus |
| Organelles made of protein and RNK that directs proteins synthesis in the cytoplasm | Ribosomes |
| An internal membrane system in which components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed | Endoplamic reticulum |
| Stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum | Golgi apparatus |
| Cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell | Lysosomes |
| Saclike structures that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates | Vacuoles |
| Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production | Mitochondria |
| Organelles that capture energy from the sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis | Chloroplasts |
| Network of protein filaments within some cells that help the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement | Cytoskeleton |
| Two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelope | Centrioles |
| Thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell | Cell membrane |
| Strong layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria | Cell wall |
| Double-layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes | Lipid bilayer |
| Mass of solute in a given volume of solution, or mass/volume | Concentration |
| Process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated | Diffusion |
| When the concentration of a solute is the same throughout a solution | Equilibrium |
| Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane | Osmosis |
| When the concentration of two solutions is the same | Isotonic |
| Describes a solution whose solute concentration is higher than the solute concentration inside a cell | Hypertonic |
| Describes a solution whose solute concentration is lower than the solute concentration inside a cell | Hypotonic |
| Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels | Facilitated diffusion |
| The movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy | Active transport |
| Process by which a cell takes material into the cell by pockets of the cell membrane | Endocytosis |
| Process in which extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf large particles and take them into the cell | Phagocytosis |
| Process by which a cell takes in a liquid from the surrounding environment | Pinocytosis |
| Process by which a cell releases large amounts of material | Exocytosis |
| Process in which cells develop in different ways to perform different tasks | Cell specialization |
| Group of similar cells that perform a particular function | Tissue |
| Group(s) of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions | Organ |
| A group of organs that work together to perform closely related functions | Organ system |
Created by:
Hagi131096
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