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biology ch 8 review

QuestionAnswer
One of the two strands of a chromosome that become visible during cell division. Sister Chromatid
The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis Centromere
The material that makes up chromosomes Chromatin
A process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes Mitosis
Period between two mitotic divisions during which the cell grows, copies its DNA, and synthesizes proteins Interphase
Division of the cytoplasm of a cell Cytokinesis
Stage of mitosis and in cell division; characterized by the condensation of the chromosomes and the dissolution of the nuclear envelope Prophase
One of the microtubules that extend across a dividing eukaryotic cell; assists in the movement of chromosomes Spindle fiber
One of the stages of mitosis during which all of the chromosomes move to the cell’s equator Metaphase
Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and sister chromatids move to the poles Anaphase
Stage of mitosis during which a nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes Telophase
The precursor of a new plant cell wall that forms during cell division and divides a plant cell into two Cell plate
___tonic means there is a GREATER concentration of solute molecules OUTSIDE the cell than inside. hyper
___tonic means there is a LOWER concentration of solute molecules OUTSIDE the cell than inside hypo
___tonic means there is the SAME concentration of solute molecules outside the cell as inside. iso
The SWELLING AND BURSTING of animal cells when water enters is called _________________________.. Cytolysis
The pressure inside a plant cell caused by water pushing against the cell wall is called _________ pressure. osmotic
Placing plant cells in a HYPOTONIC solution causes the osmotic pressure to _______________. increase
The pressure inside a plant cell caused by water pushing against the cell wall is called ______ pressure. torger
The SHRINKING of plant cells when water leaves so the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall is called ______________. plasmolysis
The substance that dissolves to make a solution is called the ___________________ solute
When the concentration of a solute is the same throughout a system, the system has reached ___________. equilibrium
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called ________________. osmosis
  Endocytosis and exocytosis are all kinds of _______________ transport. active
Energy for active transport comes from which cell organelle? __________. mitochondria.
________________ transport requires energy from ATP to move substances across membranes. Active
Structures in a eukaryotic cell’s nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein Chromosome
Created by: tead
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