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Bio Vocab Wk 12/13

Andy Loeser's Bio Vocab Wk 12/13

WordDefinitionPrefix/MeaningRoot/meaningSuffix/MeaningOriginAlternative Words
replication the action or process of reproducing or duplicating (blank) replicare /to repeat, reply (blank) Latin animation, replicate, repeat, repetition
codon a specific sequence of three consecutive nucleotides that is part of the genetic code and that specifies a particular amino acid in a protein or starts or stops protein synthesis —called also triplet (blank) codex /trunk of a tree -on/ basic hereditary component Latin code, encode, proton, electron
transcription the process of constructing a messenger RNA molecule using a DNA molecule as a template with resulting transfer of genetic information to the messenger RNA trans-/ over scribere/ write (blank) Latin animation, transfer, transport, translation
translation the process of forming a protein molecule at a ribosomal site of protein synthesis from information contained in messenger RNA trans-/ over latus/ borne, carried (blank) Latin transfer, transport, translation, animation
mutagen an agent (as a chemical or various radiations) that tends to increase the frequency or extent of mutation (blank) mutatus/ to change state or condition -gen/ producer Latin mutate, mutant, collagen, mutation
mutation relatively permanent change in hereditary material involving either a physical change in chromosome relations or a biochemical change in the codons that make up genes (blank) mutatus/ to change state or condition (blank) Latin mutate, mutant, animation, transportation
carrier an individual (as one heterozygous for a recessive trait) having a specified gene that is not expressed or only weakly expressed in its phenotype (blank) carrum/ to transport (blank) Latin carry, carries, carriers, carried
pedigree the origin and the history of something (blank) pedem/ foot; gruem/ crane (blank) Latin agree, agreed, digree, digrees
karyotype the chromosomal characteristics of a cell; also : the chromosomes themselves or a representation of them (blank) karyon/ nut, kernel typos/ blow, impression, model Greek phenotype, genotype, type, types
sex-linked trait an inherited characteristic via sex-specific genes (blank) trahere/ to pull, draw (blank) Latin trait, link, links, sex-chromosome
polygenic inheritance any of a group of nonallelic genes that collectively control the inheritance of a quantitative character or modify the expression of a qualitative character poly-/ much (blank) genic/ produced by : formed from Greek poly peptide, polymer, inherit, inheritance
clone a group of replicas of all or part of a macromolecule and especially DNA (blank) klon/ a twig (blank) Greek clones, phones, phone, cone
genetic engineering the group of applied techniques of genetics and biotechnology used to cut up and join together genetic material and especially DNA from one or more species of organism and to introduce the result into an organism in order to change one or more of its char (blank) genea/ generation, race (blank) Greek gene, genes, engineer, engineering
human genome in humans, one haploid set of chromosomes with the genes they contain; broadly : the genetic material of an organism (blank) gen/ gene -om/ chromosome Latin human, humans, gene, genome
recombinant DNA genetically engineered DNA usually incorporating DNA from more than one species of organism re/ back, again combinare/ to unite, yoke together (blank) Latin DNA, recalculate, repeat, repeated
transgenic organism an organism being or used to produce an organism or cell of one species into which one or more genes of another species have been incorporated trans-/across, over, beyond (blank) -genic/produced by Latin transfer, translate, translation, transportation
gene therapy the insertion of usually genetically altered genes into cells especially to replace defective genes in the treatment of genetic disorders or to provide a specialized disease-fighting function (blank) genea/ generation, race; therapeia/ curing, healing (blank) Greek gene, genes, genotype, therapeudic
Created by: coltsdude123
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