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biolab1051
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Prokaryotic cells undergo which type of cell division? | Binary Fission |
| One round of meiosis yeilds ____ cells, each containing ____ of the genetic material of the parental cell? | 4, 1/2 |
| Mitosis is Essential for performing all the following functions EXCEPT A. Reparing damanged cells B. Making new Cells C. Replacing dead Cells D. Producing gametes | D. Producing gametes |
| the mode of replication in which only one parent is involved is known as? | Asexual reproduction |
| The haploid egg and diploid sperm combine, after meiosis, to create a multicellular embryo. True or False | False |
| How many Centimeters(cm) are in 1 Kilometer(km)? | 100,000 |
| evaluate the following statement: a hypothesis should be both testable and falsifiable. | True |
| You are interested in understanding how well a particulat plant grows in your back yard. You know that the soil in your back yard is sandy. In order to test how well it grows in other environments you set up an experiment in which you choose two other soi | l types. You set up 5 pots of each soil type and allow the plants to be exposed to equal amounts of light, water, and ferilizer. Allowing each level of treatment to be exposed to equal amounts of light,water,and fertilizer throught the experiment is an ex |
| ample of which step in ecpermiental design? | constant |
| How many calories are in a Kilocalorie? | 1000 |
| Eukaryotic organisms are multiceller only. True or False? | false |
| Which are the following are the two ways Eukaruotic cells divide? | Mitosis, Meiosis |
| How many chromosomes are in Human Haploid cells? | 23 |
| How many feet are in a meter? how many inches? | 3.3 feet, 39.4 inches |
| how many pounds are in kilogram? how many kilograms are in a pound? | 2.2 pounds. .45 kilograms |
| Micro- | 10^-6 |
| Metric converions stair step method? (what are the prefixes) | milli, centi, deci, bass unit, deka, hecto, kilo |
| What is the order of the scientific method? Experiment, observations, conclusion, hypothesis, data, prediction, and question | observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, experment, data, and conclusion |
| What is an hypothesis? | an educated guess |
| a hypothesis is a statement that is testable and falsifiable and can be proven true. T or F? | False, a hypothesis cant be proven true it can only be supported by evidence |
| independent variable? Dependent varibale? | (Predictor)varibale: what you change in the experiment (response) variable- what happens because of the change |
| Level of treatments? | Levels of treatment- the different forms/levels of the independent variable you use |
| constants? | factors that are kept the same throughtout the experiment for all treatments. it ensures that you only have 1 independent variable |
| control? | the form/level of the idependent varibale you use that produces a known or baseline valus of the dependent varibale |
| Replication? | multiple test subjects or test groups should be exposed to each treatment level |
| Primary Sources? | are articles written by the researchers themselves and have gone through peer review |
| What is peer review? | means a paper is reviewed by other scientists in the same field |
| secondary and tertiary sources are? | media reports, textbooks, websites or review articles that summarize or review the results of someone else's work |
| what is the process of pulsing a primary source? | The researcher writes a paper and submits it to a journal. -> a journal then sends it to peer review. Then two things CAN happen. it can either be approved and published or the paper can be returned to the scientists to revise. |
| Asexual reproduction is.. | an organism divides to make off spring that are genetically identical to its single parent |
| Binary fission | single celled prokaryote divides into 2 new cells. Occurs in bacteria |
| Budding | new offspring develops by splitting off a single parent. Budding in hydra |
| Mitosis | single celled eukaryote divides into 2 new cells. Mitosis in amoeba |
| Parthenogenesis | unfertilized egg develops into clone of single parent. Parthenogenesis in daphnia |
| Sexual reproduction... | requires genetic input from 2 parent organisms to produce offspring that have a combination of both parents genetic material |
| What organisms use sexual reproduction? | flowering, mammals, birds, and reptiles |
| Humans have ____ chromosomes in all cells ____ egg cells and sperm cells | 46, except |
| Egg-producing cells in the ovary have ____ chromosomes and ____ pairs | 46, 23 |
| Sperm producing cells in the testes have ___ chromosomes and ____ pairs | 46, 23 |
| Burning a ______ breaks its _____ bonds, and releases its _____ to the environment | molecule, chemical, energy |
| When you burn calories you break the chemical bonds in food molecules. this process is called... | metabolism |
| What is a Calorie? | the amount of energy needed to raise 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius |
| The amount of calories in food can be determined by using a... | calorimeter or bomb calorimeter |
| calories shown on nutrition labels are actually... | kilo calories |
| How many calories are in a kilocalorie? | 1000 calories |
| What is the equation for BMI? | Weight in kg/ (height in m)^2 |
| Macronutrients are... | carbohydrates, fats, proteins |
| what do carbohydrates do? | store energy, provide struccture, fuel for cellular respiration |
| what do proteins do? | store energy, provide structure, enzymes, antibodies |
| what do lipids do? | store energy, provide insulation, protect organs. also called fats |
| What is the nutrition type has the highest energy density? | fats |
| What are amino- acids? | building blocks for protein |
| how many amino-acids are there? | 20 different ones |
| what 2 groups are amino-acids put in? | essential and non-essential |
| what are non-essential amino acids? | amino acids that your body can create out of other chemicals found in your body |
| what are essential amino acids? | cannot be created, and therefore the only way to get them is through eating the right foods. |
| Unsaturated fats are | not saturated with hydrogen atoms, so there are many exposed carbon atoms. Found in many vegetable sources |
| saturated fat are | saturated with hydrogen atoms(no carbon double bonds) mainly from animal sources |
| Macronutrients are... | carbohydrates, fats, proteins |
| what do carbohydrates do? | store energy, provide struccture, fuel for cellular respiration |
| Do they provide energy? | they do not provide energy but are necessary for good health |
| what do proteins do? | store energy, provide structure, enzymes, antibodies |
| what do lipids do? | store energy, provide insulation, protect organs. also called fats |
| What is the nutrition type has the highest energy density? | fats |
| What are amino- acids? | building blocks for protein |
| how many amino-acids are there? | 20 different ones |
| what 2 groups are amino-acids put in? | essential and non-essential |
| what are non-essential amino acids? | amino acids that your body can create out of other chemicals found in your body |
| what are essential amino acids? | cannot be created, and therefore the only way to get them is through eating the right foods. |
| Unsaturated fats are | not saturated with hydrogen atoms, so there are many exposed carbon atoms. Found in many vegetable sources |
| saturated fat are | saturated with hydrogen atoms(no carbon double bonds) mainly from animal sources |
| Micronutrients are | vitamins and minerals |
| Do they provide energy? | they do not provide energy but are necessary for good health |
| What is a cell? | the basic building blocks of life. the smallest entity that can be considered "alive' |
| Prokaryotic cells are | small, DNA is free, simple internal structure, DNA is single, cell divides by binary fission |
| Macronutrients are... | carbohydrates, fats, proteins |
| what do carbohydrates do? | store energy, provide structure, fuel for cellular respiration |
| what do proteins do? | store energy, provide structure, enzymes, antibodies |
| what do lipids do? | store energy, provide insulation, protect organs. also called fats |
| What is the nutrition type has the highest energy density? | fats |
| What are amino- acids? | building blocks for protein |
| how many amino-acids are there? | 20 different ones |
| what 2 groups are amino-acids put in? | essential and non-essential |
| what are non-essential amino acids? | amino acids that your body can create out of other chemicals found in your body |
| what are essential amino acids? | cannot be created, and therefore the only way to get them is through eating the right foods. |
| Unsaturated fats are | not saturated with hydrogen atoms, so there are many exposed carbon atoms. Found in many vegetable sources |
| saturated fat are | saturated with hydrogen atoms(no carbon double bonds) mainly from animal sources |
| Micronutrients are | vitamins and minerals |
| Do they provide energy? | they do not provide energy but are necessary for good health |
| What is a cell? | the basic building blocks of life. the smallest entity that can be considered "alive' |
| Prokaryotic cells are | small, DNA is free, simple internal structure, DNA is single, cell divides by binary fission |
| Eukaryotic cells are | 50x larger, nucleus contains DNA, complex with membrane bound organelles, DNA is multiple strands, cell divides by mitosis |
| Macronutrients are... | carbohydrates, fats, proteins |
| what do carbohydrates do? | store energy, provide structure, fuel for cellular respiration |
| what do proteins do? | store energy, provide structure, enzymes, antibodies |
| what do lipids do? | store energy, provide insulation, protect organs. also called fats |
| What is the nutrition type has the highest energy density? | fats |
| What are amino- acids? | building blocks for protein |
| how many amino-acids are there? | 20 different ones |
| what 2 groups are amino-acids put in? | essential and non-essential |
| what are non-essential amino acids? | amino acids that your body can create out of other chemicals found in your body |
| what are essential amino acids? | cannot be created, and therefore the only way to get them is through eating the right foods. |
| Unsaturated fats are | not saturated with hydrogen atoms, so there are many exposed carbon atoms. Found in many vegetable sources |
| saturated fat are | saturated with hydrogen atoms(no carbon double bonds) mainly from animal sources |
| Micronutrients are | vitamins and minerals |
| Do they provide energy? | they do not provide energy but are necessary for good health |
| What is a cell? | the basic building blocks of life. the smallest entity that can be considered "alive' |
| Prokaryotic cells are | small, DNA is free, simple internal structure, DNA is single, cell divides by binary fission |
| Eukaryotic cells are | 50x larger, nucleus contains DNA, complex with membrane bound organelles, DNA is multiple strands, cell divides by mitosis |
| Cells must copy their DNA _____ cell division occurs | before |
| Mitosis splits into how many cells? | 2 |
| Mitosis is cellular division not reproduction. T or F | true |
| what are the 4 STEPS of Mitosis? | prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase |
| DNA replication has already occurred _____ prophase begins | before |
| How many cells does meiosis create? | 4 |
| Some eukaryotic organisms create ___ (sperm + eggs) that combine to make a new organism | gametes |
| Meiosis creates those ___. A single cell divides in a special way producing _____ cells each with ____ the original amount of chromosomes | gametes, 4, 1/2 |
| Cellular growth and division is highly regulated by ____ | protein |
| If the DNA that codes for a specific protein is ____ the protein may not function properly | mutated |
| What is the metric system conceit of? | grams, meters, liters |
| Standard deviation tells us... | how much the data varies from the mean |
| Energy density is measured in? | Kilocalories |
| Mitosis is used for? | growth and healing |
| is mitosis cells haploid or diploid? | they are diploid |
| is meiosis cells haploid or diploid? | haploid |
| what are the human growth stages? | zygote->embryo-> fetus |
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lauramacensi
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