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Rocks/Erosion
2nd science test for 6th grade Sam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Decayed organic material. | Humus |
| The small particles, along with water, air and decayed organic material make this up. | Soil |
| Scientists who study soil. | Pedologists |
| The largest kind of soil particle | Sand |
| The smallest kind of soil particle | Clay |
| Soil particles that are very tiny, yet they are larger than clay. It feels powdery like flour. | Silt |
| Term used for the amount of each kind of particle in a soil sample. | Texture |
| When the three kinds of particles are equally evident in the soil, the soil is called | Loam |
| Term for multiple layers of soil | Horizons |
| This particle holds nutrients and water well | Clay |
| This particle drains quickly | Sand |
| Unweathered parent material or rock that determines the texture of the soil above it | Bedrock |
| Most plants germinate and grow roots in this layer of soil | Topsoil |
| Contains weathered minerals and some nutrients from the humus | subsoil |
| The process of breaking rocks down into smaller pieces | Mechanical Weathering |
| Things that contribute to mechanical weathering | Water, wind, and plant and animal life |
| As water in rocks freeze and expand during the winter, it acts like a wedge and forces the rock apart | Frost wedging or frost action |
| This occurs when water gets underneath a rock and as it freezes and expands, it pushes the rock farther out of the ground | frost heaving |
| With this type of mechanical weathering rocks shift and reduce pressure, allowing the rocks to rapidly expand, creating cracks and breaks in the rock. | Pressure release |
| A result of pressure release in which sheets of rock peel away like layers of an onion | Exfoliation |
| Mechanical weathering that occurs when rock rub against each other. | Abrasion |
| Abrasion can be caused by | Water and by wind |
| An unusual rock formation caused by mechanical weathering is called | A Hoodoos |
| This changes the rock into a different substance | Chemical Weathering |
| These cave features hang from the ceiling of a cave | Stalactites |
| This forms when a stalactite and a stalagmite grow together | column |
| This cave features grows upwards from the floor of a cavern | Stalagmites |
| When weathered material moved from one location to another | Erosion |
| Weathering produces small particles called | Sediment |
| The primary force behind erosion is | gravity |
| This occurs when wind, water, or ice drops sediments and rocks in a new location. | Deposition |
| The sediment that a stream carries is called a | load |
| An area of sediment at the mouth of a river is called a | Delta |
| An area that commonly floods is called a | floodplain |
| Know the rock cycle | rock cycle |
| Type of rock that forms when remains of tiny living things settle and harden | Sediment |
| Type of rock that forms when it is put under great heat and pressure | Metamorphic |
| Type of rock that forms when magma cools below or above the earth's surface | Igneous |
| Chemical weathering when oxygen in the air is combined with iron causing rust | Oxidation |
| Chemical weathering where a weak acid formed water and carbon dioxide | Carbonic Acid |
| An acid created from pollution and a type of chemical weathering | Sulfur Dioxide |
| Mechanical and chemical weathering can produce these large areas | caves |
| When gravity is the primary factor in sediment moving, the movement is called: | Load |
| Occurs when gravity pulls soil slowly down a slope | Soil Creep |
| Occurs when gravity pulls rock and sediment down a slop | Earth flow |
| Occurs when gravity pulls a mixture of water and soil down a slope | Mud flow |
| Occurs when gravity pulls on large rocks | Rockslide |
| Occurs when gravity pulls on snow | Avalanche |
| The action of the wind blowing and picking up loose sediment and carrying it away | Deflation |
| How are minerals formed | Then hot magma cools and or water evaporates |
| What are minerals | Naturally occurring solids |
Created by:
Nissfam
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