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Chapter 11
Microbiology - Part 2
| Questions | Answers |
|---|---|
| Q: Intestinal botulism has been linked to the injestion of what? | A: Honey |
| Q: Bacillus cereus is associated with what? | A: Food poisoning in two forms: Emetic (vomiting) form associated with heat-stable enterotoxin (rice), and diarrheal form associated with heat-liable enterotoxin (meat and vegetables). |
| Q: Adolescents, college-aged young adults and college students living in dormitories are at increased risk of what? | A: Epidemics of meningitis. |
| Q: True or false? Shigella and Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) produce a similar toxin. | A: True! |
| Q: What is the cause of leprosy? | A: Leprosy (also known as Hansen’s disease) is caused by Mycobacteria leprae. |
| Q: What is the major issue with cholera and how would you treat it? | A: Cholera patients suffer from dehydration due to massive fluid loss. These people need to be rehydrated. |
| Q: What is the causative agent of the most common tick-borne disease in the USA? | A: Borrelia burgdorferi, of course. You know we’re talking about Lyme disease, right? Good. |
| Q: What is the vector carrying Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of the most common tick-borne disease in the USA? | A: Ixodes scapularis! I know you wanted to say the deer tick but don’t forget its scientific name. |
| Q: If you looked to the classmate sitting next to you and you saw they had malignant pustules, you would immediately think they were infected with what? | A: Bacillus anthracis. |
| Q: What is the causative agent of gas gangrene? | A: Clostridium perfringens. |
| Q: If your wife was a carrier of this organism you would be concern about her becoming pregnant because it can cross the placenta… need another hint? It can grow at 4 degrees C. | A: Listeria monocytogenes (remember this can cause meningitis and sepsis in newborns). |
| Q: Gardnerella vaginalis is an important cause of this… | A: Nonspecific bacterial vaginosis. |
| Q: Campylobacter jejuni causes traveler’s diarrhea and waterborne illness. In rare cases, about 0.1%, patients run into complications that progress to a syndrome known as… | A: Guillain-Barre’s syndrome. |
| Q: If you suffer from toxic shock syndrome, what type of toxin were you exposed to and where did it come from? | A: You can in contact with an exotoxin produced by Staphylococci aureus. |
| Q: To prevent Ophthalmia neonatorum, all newborns are treated with what? And how is this treatment applied? | A: Newborns are treated with 0.5% erythromycin directly to the eyes. |
| Q: If you come in contact with Treponema pallidum what are you worried about and how did you come in contact with it? | A: Most people come in contact with Treponema pallidum through unprotected sex and are at risk of syphilis. |
| Q: How can you remember that it’s genus Propionibacterium that causes acne? | A: Simple, what is the most popular acne treatment seen on T.V.? It’s Proactive. So just remember “Pro” to treat your “Pro”. |
| Q: What diseases are caused by Streptococcus pyogenes? | A: Strep throat, necrotizing fasciitis, scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, impetigo, erysipelas, cellulitis, glomerulonephritis, otitis media, sinusitis. |
| Q: When you think non-gonococcal urethritis, you think… | A: Chlamydia trachomatis (the most common cause of sexually transmitted disease). You should also think C. trachomatis if I said pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or epididymitis. |
| Q: Bummer, you came down with Rocky Mountain spotted fever. You must have come in contact with… | A: Rickettsia rickettsii. |
| Q: Meningococcal infections have only one known reservoir. What is it? | A: The human nasopharynx. So it would typically be acquired through the respiratory tract. |
| Q: Mycobacteria leprae causes leprosy, but only in… | A: Oddly enough, only in humans and armadillos. |
| Q: Is the cell-mediated immune response strong or weak in tuberculoid leprosy? | A: Strong! |
| Q: Is the cell-mediated immune response strong or weak in lepromatous leprosy? | A: Weak! |
| Q: Burn patients and those who are immunocompromised are susceptible to infections caused by which organism? | A: Pseudomonads aeruginosa. |
| Q: When you think whooping cough you think… | A: Bordetella pertussis. |
| Q: If you wanted to block inhibitory neurons in someone how could it be done? | A: Give them a big dose of tetanospasmin. |
| Q: The complication of congenital syphilis known as Hutchinson’s triad includes… | A: Interstitial keratitis, notched incisors, and eighth nerve deafness |
| Q: Tell me about congenital syphilis. | A: Occurs in utero because Treponema pallium can cross the placenta. Those who survive develop secondary syphilis and display the traits known as Hutchinson’s Triad. |
| Q: Know that you know the four strains of E. coli, what diseases do they cause? | A: ETEC (traveler’s diarrhea and diarrhea in infants), EIEC (disease similar to that caused by Shigella), EPEC (diarrheal outbreaks in hospital nurseries and in bottle-fed infants), EHEP (bloody diarrhea [dysentery] and hemolytic uremic syndrome). |
| Q: Describe stage 2 Lyme disease. | A: 2 to 8 weeks after rash. Affects heart (electrical conduction impaired, dizziness & fainting) & nervous system (paralysis of face, severe headache, pain on moving eyes, difficulty concentrating, emotional instability, nerve impairment of arms and legs) |
| Q: What is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis? | A: Trachoma & lymphogranuloma. In the USA it is the primary cause of nongonococcal urethritis (NGU), epididymitis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and in neonates it causes ophthalmia neonatorum and pneumonia. Leading cause of blindness worldwide. |
Created by:
PCC Microbiology
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