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Bio 111 Exam 2

vocab and misc. for chp 28, 32-33

QuestionAnswer
Calcarea & Silicea (Porifera) Sponges; lack true tissues; have choanocytes
Cnidaria Jellies, sea anemones; 2 tissue layers; unique stinging structures (nematocysts) house in cnidocytes; diploblastic; radial symmetric; single opening for digestion
Platyhelminthes -Turbellaria, Monogenea, Trematoda, Cestoda -flatworms; unsegmented acoelomates; no digestive tract
Mullosca -Polyplacophora, gastropoda, bivalvia, cephalopoda -clams, snails; coelomates; lophophores
Annelida -Oligochaeta, polychaeta, hirudinea -segmented worms; coelomates; digestive tract is not segmented
Nematoda Roundworms; pseudocoelomates; no circulatory system
arthropoda -Chelicerformes, myriapoda, hexapoda, crustacea -crabs, insects, spiders; coelomates; segmented w/ exoskeleton
Echinodermata sea stars; coelomates; bilateral symmetry; endoskeleton
Chordata lancelots, vertebrates; coelomates; notochord
Chordates Notochord (Cephalochordata: lancelets, Urochordata: tunicates) 1. Notochord 2. Dorsal, hollow nerve cord 3. Pharyngeal slits or clefts 4. Muscular, post-anal tail
Craniates Head (Myxini: hagfishes) 1. 2 clusters of Hox genes 2. High metabolism, extensive muscular system, >= 2 chambered heart, kidneys, hemoglobin 3. Gill slits (aquatic forms) 4. neural crest
Vertebrates Vertebral Column (Petromyzontida: lampreys) 1. Duplication of the Dlx family of transcription factors 2. Vertebrae enclosing a spinal cord 3. An elaborate skull 4. Fin rays (aquatic forms)
Gnathostomes Jaw, mineralized skeleton (Chondrichthyes: sharks, rays, chimaeras) 1. Additional duplication of Hox genes 2. Enlarged forebrain 3. Lateral line system (aquatic forms) 4. Jaws
Osteichthyans Lungs, or lung derivatives (Actinopterygii: ray-finned fishes) 1. Bony endoskeleton 2. Breathe with gills protected by operculum 3. Control buoyancy with swim bladder 4. Scales, mucus, lateral line system
lobe-fins lobed fins (Actinistia: coelacanths, Dipnoi: lungfishes)
Tetrapods Legs (Amphibia: frogs, salamanders) 1. 4 limbs 2. Feet with digits 3. Neck 4. Fusion of backbone with pelvic girdle • Ears
Amniotes Amniotic Eggs (Reptilia: turtles, snakes, crocodiles, birds) 1. Amniotic egg 2. Extraembryonic membranes
Mammals Milk (Mammalia: mammals) 1. Mammary glands 2. Hair 3. Large brain 4. Differentiated teeth
Created by: nwmoser
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