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Bio101 - Ch4
Enzymes, TransferEnergy, Diffusion/Osmosis, ActiveTransport, Solute/Solvant
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| net movement of solvent molecules through a permeable membrane | Osmosis |
| Movement a substance from a region where it is highly concentrated to an area where it is less concentrated | Diffusion |
| Describes a solution in which the solute concentration is less than on the other side of a semipermeable membrane | Hypotonic |
| A solution in which the solute concentration is greater than on the other side of a semipermeable membrane | Hypertonic |
| Condition which a solute concentration is the same on both sides of a semipermeable membrane | Isotonic |
| Any substance dissolved in a solvent to make a solution | Solute |
| Chemical in which other substances dissolve, forming a solution | Solvent |
| 4 factors that influence the enzyme activity | Coenzymes, Allosteric regulators, Temperature, pH |
| Movement of a substance across a membrane against its concentration gradient, using a carrier protein and energy from ATP | Active Transport |
| What are enzymes used for? | used in the body to break down and process food into energy and cell material. |
| Enzymes: Small temperature increase ______ ______ and/or _______ ______ | Molecular collision, Reaction rate |
| Enzymes: High temperature _______ bonds and _______ shape. | Disrupt, destroy |
| Process of high temperature in enzymes in which their shape is disrupted and destroyed | Denaturation |
| _______ structure determine function of Enzymes | Protein |
| To speed up reactions | Catalyze |
| Catabolic Pathway | Breakdown macromolecules, Change potential to Kinetic energy, release energy (exergonic) |
| Anabolic Pathway | Total chemical reaction made macromolecules (biosynthesis), Kinetic to potential, requires energy (endergonic) |
| Passive Transport | Simple diffusion with diffusion. |
| Active Transport | ATP, transports proteins, and is AGAINST concentrated gradient from low to high |
| Primary source of energy | Sunlight |
| Thermodynamics -> First and Second Law | (Change in Heat) First Law - Energy is conserved and cannot be created or destroyed Second Law - No energy is 100% efficient, looses energy in form of heat |
| Endergonic Reaction | require energy input ->Photosynthesis |
| Exergonic Reaction | release energy ->Cellular Respiration |
| Energy | Sapacity to do work |
| Form of energy | Kinetic, Potential, Chemical |
| Kinetic Energy | energy from motion |
| Potential Energy | stored energy |
| Chemical Energy | energy stored in chemical bonds (kilocalories) |
| Molecules pass through membrane (diffusion) from an area of high to low concentration | Membrane Transport |
| Tonicity | Salt content |
| What factors could affect diffusion rate | Steepness of concentration gradient, Molecular size, Temperatur, Electrical or Pressure(force) gradiant |
Created by:
itsRiNA
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