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Unit 1 Science Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 5 fields of Earth Science | Geology, Oceanography, Meteorology, Astronomy, and Environmental Science. |
| What is Geology? | The study of Earth's surface, interior, and history. Includes earth's materials and the processes that change them. |
| What is Oceanography? | The study of Oceans. |
| What is Meteorology? | The study of Earth's atmosphere and weather, or study of air that surrounds earth. |
| What is Astronomy? | The study of the universe beyond Earth. |
| What is Environmental Science? | The study of earth's environment and resources. |
| What does a Geologist do? | They study geology. Also includes mineralogists, seismologists, vulcanologists, hydrologists, and paleontologists. |
| How much percents of earth's surface is covered by water? | 75% |
| What do oceanographers do? | They study oceans- plant and animal life, physical and chemical properties, effects of human activity, they map ocean floors, and locate minerals. |
| What does a meteorologist do? | They study earth's process of weather, storms, predict hurricanes, and tornadoes. |
| What does an Astronomer do? | They study stars and planets, life cycled stars, launch satellites and probes into space. Also includes cosmologists. |
| hat does a cosmologist do? | They study the origin of the universe. |
| What do Environmental Scientists do? | They study water pollution, air pollution, global warming, greenhouse effect, ozone layer, and the effects on earth's systems. |
| What do mineralogists do? | They study minerals. |
| What do seismologists do? | They study earthquakes. |
| What do vulcanologists do? | They study volcanoes. |
| What do hydrologists do? | They study water on the surface, below the surface, and water pollution. |
| What do paleontologists do? | They study fossils and ancient environments. |
| What is ecology? | It is the study of the relationships of living things to the environment. |
| What are the 4 Earth Systems? | Biosphere, Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, and the Atmosphere. |
| What is the Biosphere? | All organisms on Earth as well as the environments in which they lives. |
| What is the Lithosphere? | It includes the crust and upper mantle. |
| What is the Hydrosphere? | The water in Earth's oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, glaciers, and atmosphere. |
| What is the Atmosphere? | The gases surrounding Earth including 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. |
| What is the scientific method? | It is the problem solving tool used by scientists. |
| What are the 8 steps in the scientific method? | State the problem, research information, form a hypothesis, write fown the procedures, perform your experiment, observe and record all results, interpret data, state your conclusion. |
| How do you research the problem? | By using books, magazines, newspapers, and the internet. |
| What type of question should be used in the first step of the scientific method? | What happens to a person or thing physically. Must have a solid question, choose a question you don't the answer too and you can work with it. |
| What is the most difficult step of the scientific method? | Forming a good, solid hypothesis. |
| How to write a good hypothesis? | Use a simple statement, make it precise, use words "if" and "then". |
| List 3 reasons you should write your experimenter's procedure. | You know what materials you'll need. Helps teacher or future scientist understand what you did and how. Make sure you hypothesis fits what your testing. |
| What is an experimental group? | The group that;s tested by changing one variable at a time. |
| What is the control group? | They give a basis for comparing the experimental group. Don't have any variables. |
| List 3 hints for a good experiment. | Always observe and record data. Keep results together. Be honest. |
| List 4 ways you can interpret your data. | Organize results on graphs, charts, and tables. Write a summary. Good drawings or pictures. |
| How do you find density? | D= M/V |
| What is density? | The amount of matter that's in a given space. |
| What is volume? | The amount of space an object takes up. |
| How do you find the volume of a regularly shaped object? | Length x Width x Height. |
| How do you find the volume of a liquid? | Put the liquid in a graduated cylinder and measure. (water displacement) |
| What is mass? | The amount of matter in an object. |
| How do you find the mass of a solid? | Use triple balance beam. |
| How do you find the mass of a liquid? | Mass of liquid+ container - Mass of empty container = mass of liquid. |
| How is mass measured? | In grams. |
| How is Volume measured? | Graduated cylinder- mL. regular shaped objects- cm cubed. Irregular solids- mL. |
| How is density measured? | g/cm cubes or g/mL. |
| What are meters used for? | Measuring length or distance. |
| What are liters used for? | Measuring volume or liquid. |
| What are grams used for? | Measuring weight. |
| How do you do conversions? | Move the decimal point however many places to the left or right that the chart shows. |
| What is Scientific Notation? | A type of shorthand used by scientists in which a number is expressed as a multiplier and a power of 10. |
| What is Technology? | |
| What is Frequency? | Number of waves that pass a particular point each second. |
| What is Wavelength? | The distance from the top of one wave to the top of the next. |
| What is a Theory? | AN explanation based on may observations during repeated experiments. |
| What is remote sensing? | Collecting data from the earth's surface from space by using satellites. |
| What is a Landsat satellite? | Collects data in visible and infrared from energy reflected by the earth. Different features radiate at different frequencies. Show up as different colors. Collects data by mirrors. Also used to study tectonic plates, earthquakes, and pollution. |
| What is a Topex/Poseidon satellite? | Uses radar to map the ocean floor. Transmit high frequency signals and bounce them off the ocean surface. Ocean floor features creat bulges over seafloor mts and depressions over seafloor valleys. Also used to study tidal changes and ocean currents. |
| What is Global Positioning System? | (GPS)radio navigation system using 24 satellites to determine exact positions on earth. Gives exact latitude/longitude, elevations, directions, and speed. Used to detect earthquakes, create maps, track wildlife. Used in cars, ships, airplanes, hikers, etc |
| How many satellites are used to get a longitude and latitude? | 3 satellites. |
| How many satellites are used to get an elevation? | 4 satellites. |
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