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BSCI125
Ecology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Primary Production | amount of light energy converted to chemical energy (organic compounds) by a autotrophs per unit time in an ecosystem |
| Ecology | The study of how organisms interact with their environment |
| Biomes | major terrestrial or aquatic assemblages of organisms that occur over wide geographic areas |
| Ecosystem | both biotic (community) and abiotic factors and how they interact |
| Community level | populations of different organisms live in close enough proximity to interact |
| Population | a group of the same organisms in the same general area |
| Transfer of energy from the sun is an _____ system. | Open |
| Nutrients and chemicals are RECYCLED on earth therefore they represent a _______ system | Closed |
| GPP | gross primary productivity = TOTAL |
| NPP | net primary productivity = TOTAL minus energy cost of respiration by the primary producers |
| Energy fixed – cost of fixing = ??? | NPP |
| Standing Crop | = TOTAL biomass or weight of vegetation autotrophs at a given point in time. ~grams/m2/year |
| Biomass | Actual DRY mass/weight of a group of organisms. A term that can be used for plants or animals as a way to quantify amount of carbon, carbon linked to energy!! |
| GPP____NPP | > |
| Only___ of the energy moves from trophic level to trophic level under best circumstances | ~10% |
| #s at lower trophic levels __ than higher trophic levels | > |
| Nutrients are stored in 4 major ways globally: | 1. atmosphere 2. oceans 3. earth's crust - sedimentary cycles 4. organisms - |
| Nutrient movement can occur 3 main ways: | meterological - 2. geological - 3. biological |
| Water movement into atmosphere also influenced | 1. air currents 2. ocean currents 3. heat budgets 4. water balance of land and sea |
| In chemical terms LIFE summed up in 6 words: | Carbon 2) Oxygen 3) Hydrogen 4) Nitrogen - ~80% atmosphere, (N2, not avail. plants) 5) Phosphorous 6) Sulfur |
| Carbon dioxide is called a greenhouse gas = | It contributes to the Greenhouse Effect by absorbing and emitting radiation. |
| General characteristics of ecological succession | Increase in total biomass, decrease in NPP Increase in number of species in community Number of heterotrophs increase faster than autotrophs Later organisms more specialized than earlier ones Fugitive species (grow quickly ~ high r – we’ll discuss in |
| Acid Rain | Mixture of wet and dry deposited material from atmosphere containing higher than normal amounts of nitric and sulfuric acids ~ lower Ph |
| Individualistic Hypothesis | group of species found in the same area because they have similar abiotic requirements |
| Interactive Hypothesis | species are associated with particular other species in the community |
| Interspecific Interaction | between 2 _different_____ kinds of organisms ~ species |
| Intraspecific interaction | between individuals of the same kind of species |
| Niche shift | species find a way to share resources without competing since it is a negative interaction. |
| Character displacement: | beak design of Darwin’s finches – partitioning of resources led to the evolution of many species of finches filling different niches |
| Fundamental niche | where a species CAN live, negating the effects of predation, |
| Realized niche | The realized niche is where the species DOES live, because the factors mentioned above have forced it to retreat from parts of the fundamental niche. |
| redundancy model | most animal species in a community are not closely associated with one another. |
| rivet model | ggests that most animal species are associated with particular other species in the community. |
Created by:
ganiyat
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