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facts of life
test1 study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the result of a scientific experiment | Strong correlation between independent variable and dependent variable |
| Results of the control group tell you about the variable | High morality in control group |
| Taking a prescription medicine models what step in the scientific method | testing a hypothesis |
| What activities are stimulated by the germ theory | Precautious disease- causing pathogens can spread from an infected indivisual to an uninfected indivisual |
| What is the cell plasma membrane | Separated from the outside environment by a flexible |
| What is evidence for the common ancestor of life | • Hypothesis supported by the observation that all cells in all living organisms use DNA to direct their structure function and behavior |
| What are autotrophs | These organisms make their own energy /producers of own energy source |
| These organisms obtain their energy from other organisms | Heterotroph/ consumers |
| What created by the interactions of 2 or more populations | Community level or organization |
| What is the advantage of multicellularity | Cells-> tissues→ organs→ individual |
| What is an organ | Composed of two or more tissues |
| What is the biosphere | Includes all life forms and the spaces where they live |
| What cannot be tested by scientific method | Questions about topics other than the natural world |
| What results support the hypothesis p kills fish | A predicted increase in pizzeria populations coincided with a fish die of |
| What is used to contrast evolutionary tree | Based on a set of shared characteristics believed to have arisen in a common ancestor share some features with their ancestors |
| Animal and fungi belong to this domain | Eukaraya |
| What are prokaryotes | Lacks a nucleus that encloses the cell’s DNA |
| What are prokaryote cell with lipid laden membrane | Archae cells |
| What is the result of adaptations that allow them to live in any environment | Reason bacteria and Achaea, are considered the most successful inhabitants of the planet |
| What is salt | Halophiles are archaic hat love this compound |
| What is extreme hot found in hot geysers | Archaens survive the temperature in the water |
| What are cells of bacteria | Cells have the following shapes rod sphere or corkscrew |
| What are functions of bacteria | Can provide the nitrate necessary for plant nutrition and can be used to clean up oil spills |
| What are viruses | Constructed from a protein wrapped around DNA or RNA |
| How bacteria reproduce | Binary fission |
| how bacteria communicate form slime | Quorum sensing |
| Most ancient eukaryotes are what? | Fossils of red algae |
| What is sexual reproduction | Eukaryotes reproduction method which gives greater genetic variability between parents and offspring |
| What describes a multicellular functionality / what is the organization of multicellularity | Each specialized cell uses genes that are not expressed in other cells. |
| What belongs to the kingdom | Protista is the taxon that contains organisms that resemble animal or plants or fungi |
| Mosses were the first plants to do this | Colonize land |
| Carbon dioxide, water, and light energy are necessary for this plant process | What is photosynthesis |
| Kingdom first to conquer land | What are Plants |
| Plants that do not posses roots | What are moss |
| What is Lignin | Chief constituent of wood, that binds to cellulose fibers and hardens and strengthens the cell walls of plants to allow them to extend upward |
| These kingdoms share the ability to photosynthesize | Plants, bacteria |
| These two plant groups provide their embryos with stored food that can support growth before photosynthesis begins | Angiosperms and gymnosperms |
| What is arrival of the pollen grain on the female reproductive part of the plant | Pollination of carpel |
| What plants rely on nocturnal bats for pollination | These flowers open at night and are closed during the day |
| Underground mycelium is larger than this part of mushroom | the above ground fruiting body |
| Photoautotroph to chemoheterotrophic | An animal that can go from photoautotroph to chemoheterotrophic is mycotrophic |
| What is xylem | plant tissue specialized for transporting water and dissolved nutrients |
| What structure maintain tissue integrity and multicellularity in animals | Most animals produce a fiber-rich extracellular matrix to which their cells can attach |
| What is the Developmental sequence after fertilization | Zygote to blastula to gastrula. |
| What are deuterostome | Derive the anus from the blastopore. |
| What system develops from the endoderm layer | Digestive system—endoderm |
| What is cephalization | Body plan with anterior location of feeding and sensory structures. |
| What is the nervous system communication with the muscular system | Some parasites actively sense potential hosts or mates and move toward them. |
| This animal has circulatory system and digestive system but lacks a respiratory system | the earthworm |
| what do Mollusk contribute this to marine ecosystems | They contribute diversity |
| What is a Cephalopod | Mollusk whose predatory lifestyle probably contributed to extraordinary intellectual development |
| Centipede—myriapods | Authropod matched with its class |
| Carbohydrate found in arthropod exoskeleton | Chitin |
| Reason vertebrates form a lineage that began with a common ancestor | Humans, birds, and frogs are all vertebrates |
| Mammals do this so they have very successful reproductions | The mammary gland for nourishing their young and the placenta is for supporting the growth of the embryo |
| The amniotic egg reduces dependency to this environment | Dependent on the aquatic environment reptiles were the first |
| Structure that initially insulated this dinosaur | feathers |
| Developing scientific understanding of a natural phenomenon typically begins by | Making an observation |
| The basic unit of life is the | cell |
| Living cells are separated from the outside environment by a flexible | Membrane |
| DNA is one of the features common to all known forms of life | It is the blueprint that guides growth,, development, behavior, reproduction of all organisms |
| Which organism might harvest energy from iron | Bacterium |
| At the base of the evolutionary tree of all life is the | Universal ancestor |
| Evolutionary trees are based on | A set of shared characteristics |
| With the exception of the __ the following kingdoms are placed within the domain eukaryote | Bacteria |
| Which of the following would contain the most closely related group of phyla | Kingdom |
| The most restrictive category in the Linnaean classification system is | Species |
| The most ancient eukaryotic fossils are similar to red algae, a type of __ abundant today | Protist |
| Biologists hypothesize several advantages for the larger cell size typically observed in eukaryotes including | Storage food, larger selection of potential prey, improved defensive system |
| Although exceptions exist, reproduction in most eukaryotes involves | Two indivisuals combing DNA during the formation of a new organism |
| The dependence on sexual reproduction in the more complex eukaryotes suggest a greater number of benefits than asexual reproduction one example is the | Greater gentic variability between parents and offspring |
| Protest may superficially resemble organisms in the other kingdoms one exception is the kingdom whose members do not resemble protist in any way | Bacteria |
| Most animals reproduce sexually fertilization begins a developmental sequence that progresses from | Zygote to blastula to gastrula |
| Whith the exception of the sponges all animals develop embryologically in one of two ways chordates and echinoderms as deuterostones | Derives the anus from the blastopore |
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Julaine_13
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