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Biology Midterm
Biology Chap 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| About how old is the earth? | 4.5 billion years |
| What era of earth's history are we currently in? | cenozoic |
| organisms that do not have a nucleus are called | prokaryotes |
| Oparin and Miller suggested that the first living cells probably evolved from | organic compounds |
| in 1953 Stanley Miller produced this organic material in a flask | amino acids |
| The Big Bang Theory describes the formation of the | universe |
| The most widely accepted theory as to how the dinosaurs went extinct was | meteroite |
| According to Oparin's theory which element was not present during the first days of Earth... ammonia, hydrogen, oxygen, or methane | oxygen |
| the cells that make up the human body are | eukaryotic |
| What species of animar is the bridge between water and land animals? | amphibians |
| Which era saw the smallest rise in different forms of organisms? | Precambrian |
| This era is known as the "age of the reptiles" | Mosozoic |
| _______ completed experiments to support spontaneous generation | Needham |
| Francisco Redi's experiments were looking at | maggots appearing on meat when flies are present |
| metabolism | the ability to use energy from the environment |
| The following elements are essential to life | hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon |
| heterotrophic organism | A single-celled organism that absorbs nutrients from the soil |
| a single-celled organism that absorbs nutrients from the soil is a | heterotrophic |
| Dinosaurs roamed the Earth in --------------- era | Mesozoic |
| hard shells and skeletons developed in the -------------- era | Paleozoic |
| Animals that have hair and nurse their young are dominate in this era | Cenozoic |
| simple multicellular organisms evolve in this era | Precambrian |
| In which era does the fossil record show the rise of insects? | Paleozoic |
| Which era lasted the longest number of years? | Precambrian |
| What was the purpose of Stanley Miller's experiment (26) | Used the gases drawn up by Oparin, water to represent the oceans, and electric spark to represent early volcanic eruptions. |
| The sun is fueled by | hydrogen |
| The end of this era there was mass extinction of most ocean species | Paleozoic |
| The experiment of Pasteur | found flaws in Needham's experiment, and put S shaped flasks, the microrganisms didn't make it all the way through the S shaped flasks |
| The experiment of John Needham | took chicken broth, heated to high temperatures, killed microrganisms |
| What 4 developments occured for life to arrive on Earth | amino acids, cell carbohydrate, chemical react, oxygen |
| Organisms appear in the fossil record in this order (oldest to most recent) | single-celled organisms, fish, reptiles, mammals, flowing plants, primates, humans |
| cell theory is | all living cells must contain a nucleus |
| When Spallanzani broke the glass seals of his flasks | the broth became contaminated with microorganisms |
| Pasteur showed that no life can arise from | nonliving matter |
| When Earth fist formed it was probably | very hot |
| Many of the gases in Earth's primitive atmosphere may have come from | volcanoes |
| What adaptations allowed reptiles to become the first true land animals? | able to eat plants on land, had hard shell eggs, have feet |
| What are the 9 characteristics of living things? | movement, structure, adaptation, behavior, adaptation of behavior, stimulus, environment, sunlight, air (oxygen) |
| What does evidence of past extinctions tell us about the possible future of life on Earth? | poetential for another mass extinction |
| What events currently occurring in our world could potentially lead to another mass extinction? | global warming |
| what is mass extinction | the extinction of a large number of species within a relatively short period of geological time, thought to be due to factors such as a catostrophic global event or wide spread environmental change that occurs too rapidly for most species to adapt |
| Precambian era | the earth cooled, there were shallow seas, eukaryotes evolve, cyanobacteria and bacteria are life forms |
| Paleozoic era | first era with dinosaurs |
| Mesozoic era | age of the reptiles, reptiles evolved |
| Cenozoic era | humans evolved |
| eukaryotes | a single cell or multicell organism whose cells contain a distinct membrane-bound nucleaus |
| Big Bang Theory | (blank) |
| anaerobic | an organism, such as bacteria, that can live in the absence of atmospheric oxygen |
| aerobic | an organism or tissue requiring the presence of free oxygen to live |
| autotrophic | any organism capable of self-nourishment by using inorganic materials as a source of nutrients and using photosynthesis or chemosynthesis as a source of energy, as most plants and certain bacteria and protists |
| heterotrophic | capable of using only organic materials as a source of food; an organism that cannot synthesize its own food |
| Oparin's theory | people thought flies came from meat, but Oparin discovered flies laid eggs on the meat |
| Needham's theory | heated chicken broth and destroyed microrganisms |
| Redi's theory | thought Needham's experiment was wrong, improved Needham's theory |
| Spallanzani's theory | improved Redi's theory |
| Pasteur's theory | determined that heating liquid killed bacteria, improved on the previous theories |
Created by:
KPatrick
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