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chapter 4 vocab
test tuesday 10/2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a dark layer of the ocean below the photic layer where light can not penetrate | aphotic zone |
| organisms that live attached to or near the bottom of the lake, stream, or ocean | benthos |
| a dense covering formed by the leafy tops of the tall rain forest trees | canopy |
| average year-to-year conditions | climate |
| a symbolic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other one is neither helped nor harmed | commensalism |
| the principle that states that no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time | competitive exclusion princle |
| term used to refer to trees that produces seed-bearing cones and have thin leaves shaped like needles | coniferious |
| the term used to refer to a type of tree that shed its leaves during a specific season each year | deciduous |
| a series of gradual changes that occur in a community following a disturbance | ecological succession |
| a kind of wetland where rivers meet oceans | estuary |
| a process in which certain gases trap sunlight energy in Earth's atmosphere as heat | greenhouse effect |
| areas where organisms lives including the biotic and abiotic factors that affect it | habitat |
| interaction in which the small animals(the herbivores) feed on the producers(such as plants) | herbivory |
| materials formed from decaying leaves and other organic matter | humus |
| a single species that is not usually abundant in a community yet excerpt strong control on the structure of a community | keystone species |
| environmental conditions within a small area that differs significantly from the climate of the surrounding area | microclimate |
| symbolic relationship in which both species that benefit from the realationship | mutalism |
| full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organisms lives and the way the organisms uses those conditions | niche |
| a symbolic relationship in which one organism lives on or inside another organism and harms it | parasitism |
| layer of permanently frosted subsoil found in the tundra | permafrost |
| sunlight area near the surface of the water | photic zone |
| first area to populate an area during sucession | pioneer spicies |
| microscopic organisms that live in aquatic environment; include both zooplankton and phytoplankton | plankton |
| interaction between one organism (the predator) captures and feeds on another organism(the prey) | predation |
| succession that occurs in an area in which no traces of a pervious community is present | primary succession |
| any necessity of life, such as water, nutrients, foods, and space | resource |
| type of succession that that occurs in an area that was partially destroyed by distrubances | secondary succession |
| relationship in which two spicies live close together | symbiosis |
| biome in which long cold winters and a few months of warm weather; dominated by coniferous evergreens; also called boreal forest | taiga |
| ability of an organism to survive and reproduce under circumstances that differ from thier optimal conditions | tolerance |
| layer of rain forest underneath the canopy formed by shorter trees and vines | understory |
| day-to-day conditions in the atmosphere, including temperature, precipitation, and other factors | weather |
| ecosystem in which water either covers soil or is present at or near the surface for at least part of the year | wetland |
Created by:
gina_poynter
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