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Ecology..
10th grade
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the four organisms all living things have? | 1. All are made of one or more cells 2. All need energy for metabolism 3. All respond to their environment 4. All have DNA they pass to their offspring |
| homeostasis | An organism's tendency to maintain a stable internal environment. ex)temp regulation (sweat) |
| Abiotic | non-living thing in environment ex) air, temp, light, rocks |
| Biotic | anything that is living in the environment ex) animals, plants, bacteria |
| Ecology | the study of how organisms interact with one another and the non-living environment |
| Biosphere | any part of the atmosphere that hold life |
| Habitat | Where an organism (address) |
| Niche | A living thing's specific role in the environment. What it eats and where it eats it! |
| Organism | A single living thing |
| Species | A group of organisms that can produce fertile offspring |
| Population | a group of the same species in an area |
| Ecosystem | a community and its physical surroundings |
| community | the interrelationships of populations in an area |
| Open vs Closed Ecosystem | Open-species can move in and out Closed-species stay within ex) island, aquariam |
| Symbiosis | a relationship where there is a close and permanent association among different species |
| The three types of symbiosis... | Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism |
| Mutualism | both species benefit, ostrich and gazelle, |
| Commensalism | one species benefits the other isn't harmed, remora and shark, moss on tree |
| Parasitism | one species benefits the other is harmed- ticks, tapeworms, leeches |
| Inter-specific Competition | competition between two different species. ex) an owl and a hawk both want the mouse |
| Intra-specific Competition | competition among the same species EX) competing for food or mates |
| Predation | predator/hunter eats prey/hunted ex)hawk eats rabbit |
| Producer | aka Autotrophs=self feeder, plants, 1st trophic level |
| Consumer | aka heterotrophs=other feeder. animals |
| 1st order comsumer | eats producers, 2nd trophic level |
| 2nd order consumer | eats 1st order, 3rd trophic level |
| 3rd order consumer | eats 2nd order, 4th trophic level |
| Herbivore | eats plants |
| Carnivore | eats meat |
| omnivore | eats meat and plants |
| saprovore | eats dead things |
| Scavenger | type of saprovore- eats dead things |
| Decomposer | fungus/maggots/bacteria |
| Food Chain | direct feeding links in the environment |
| What is transferred in a food web? | Matter, energy |
| Trophic Level | organisms in a food chain that represent a feeding step int the passage of energy and materials through an ecosystem |
| What percentage of all energy that passes from one organism to another is lost? | 90%- lost in heat use therefore, only 10% is actually passed on |
| Food Web | All the possible feeding relationships at each tropic level in the ecosystem. (tangle of many food chains) |
| Energy Pyramid | Shows the energy flow between trophic levels. producers on bottom |
| Biomass | measurement of the amount of living organisms in an area, producers on bottom |
| Pyramid of Numbers | shows the # of organisms at each trophic level |
| invasive species | non-native species likely causes harm |
| What are the reasons invasive species are introduced? | 1. Accidental 2.Purposeful 3. natural |
Created by:
trax143
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