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Cell vocab

Lawsons E-Flash cards

QuestionAnswer
Cell- The Basic units of living organisms.
Compound light microscopes- Use a series of lenses to magnify objects in steps.
Cell theory- The theory that cells form the fundamental structural and functional units of all living organisms.
Electron microscope- A microscope with high magnification and resolution, employing electron beams in place of light and using electron lenses.
Organelle- Any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.
Prokaryote- A microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles.
Eukaryote- An organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus.
Nucleus- A dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, typically a single rounded structure bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material.
Cell Wall- A rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria.
Chromatin- The material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed.
Nucleolus- A small dense spherical structure in the nucleus of a cell during interphase.
Ribosome- A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells.
Cytoplasm- The material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.
Endoplasmic reticulum- A network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane.
Golgi apparatus- A complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, involved in secretion and intracellular transport.
Vacuole- A space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid.
Lysosome- An organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane.
Chloroplast- A plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.
Plastid- Any of a class of small organelles in the cytoplasm of plant cells, containing pigment or food.
Chlorophyll- A green pigment, present in all green plants and in cyanobacteria, responsible for the absorption of light to provide energy for photosynthesis.
Mitochondria- An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur.
Cytoskeleton- A microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells, giving them shape and coherence.
Microtubule- A microscopic tubular structure present in numbers in the cytoplasm of cells, sometimes aggregating to form more complex structures.
Microfilament- A small rod like structure, about 4–7 nanometers in diameter, present in numbers in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells.
Cilia- A short, microscopic, hair like vibrating structure. Cilia occur in large numbers on the surface of certain cells, either causing currents in the surrounding fluid, or, in some protozoans and other small organisms, providing propulsion.
Flagella- A slender threadlike structure, esp. a microscopic whiplike appendage that enables many protozoa, bacteria, spermatozoa, etc., to swim.
Created by: 100003710340837
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