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Cell Struct and Func
Cell Structure and Function
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the 3 parts of cell theory? | all organisms are made of one or more cells, all cells carry on life activities, new cells arise only from other living cells by the process of cell division |
| which is 10x larger: prokaryotes or eukaryotes | eukaryotes |
| which has a nucleus: prokaryotes or eukaryotes | eukaryotes |
| which has no membrane-bound organelles | prokaryotes |
| bacteria is an example of: prokaryotes or eukaryotes | prokaryotes |
| cell wall, chloroplasts, central vacuole describes a: | plant cell |
| rigid, external covering in plant cells, made of the polysaccharide cellulose, provides structural support | cell wall |
| plastid containing chlorophyll - the photosynthetic pigment in green plants | chloroplasts |
| stores cell wastes, very large central one in plants stores "cell sap", plant version of this also contains enzymes | vacuole |
| cilia and centrioles are unique to: | animal cells |
| small, bristle-like hairs covering the cell's surface | cilia |
| helps move particles or fluid past the cell | cilia |
| function to move the cell in a watery environment | flagella |
| made of microtubules, ring of nine sets of three microtubules, form the spindle which pulls apart chromosomes during cell division | centrioles |
| basic organelles found in both plant and animal cells: | cell membrane, nucleus, nucleolus, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, ribosomes, lysosomes, vacuole, mitochondria |
| phopholipid bilayer, maintains homeostasis by its selective permeability (controls what goes in/out) | cell membrane |
| this has eukaryotic cells, is surrounded by nuclear envelope or membrane, holds the DNA, controls cell by directing protein synthesis | nucleus |
| this is in the nucleus, and makes RNA and ribosomes | nucleolus |
| this is the most numerous organelle, made or rRNA, "free" and "attached" as part of the rough ER, responsible for protein synthesis | ribosomes |
| network of channels surrounding the nucleus which serve to transport materials, studded with ribosomes, modifies recently synthesized proteins for export | rough endoplasmic reticulum |
| Network of channels for transport of materials Synthesis and metabolism of lipids Detoxification of substances like alcohol | smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
| Double membrane Inner folded membrane called “cristae” Site of cellular respiration to make ATP (energy) | mitochondria |
| Membrane bound stacks called “cisternae” Packages proteins into vesicles for export Glycoproteins often secreted ex. Mucous | golgi apparatus |
| Membrane-bound sacs of various sizes Contains hydrolytic enzymes to break down proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, sugars, etc. Numerous in phagocytic cells | lysosomes |
| Explains the origin of eukaryotic cells | endosymbiotic theory |
| according to the endosymbiotic theory ____________ were probably oxygen-consuming bacteria that supplied their host with energy | mitochondria |
| according to the endosymbiotic theory ________ may have been cyanobacteria that provided their host with food | chloroplasts |
| Both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own unique DNA is considered to be evidence for: | endosymbiotic theory |
Created by:
serverge
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