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Anat & Phys W3.3

Middle Ear: Muscles

QuestionAnswer
What are the three physiology characteristics of the ME muscles? 1) Static Characteristics 2) Dynamic Characteristics (sensitivity, latency, contraction time) 3) Function
What are the two muscles in the ME? Stapedius and Tensor Tympani
Where does the stapedius muscle attach? What CN innervates it? Connects the stapes to the ME wall. Innervated by CN VII (facial).
Where does the tensor tympani muscle attach? What CN innervates it? Connects the malleus near the TM. Innervated by CN V (trigeminal).
What are you testing when you do Acoustic Reflexes? Stapedial reflex
What are the static properties of the stapedius muscle? 1) Contracts in response to loud sounds 2) Contraction increases stiffness of the ossicular chain.
Which ME muscle can you get an easier reflex on? Threshold for tensor tympani is much greater than that of the stapedius muscle. Very difficult to get a reflex on the TT.
Where is the greater amount of attenuation for the reflex of the stapedius muscle? Greatest attenuation in lower frequencies. ~20 dB of attenuation from 125-3,500Hz at 137 dB stimulus.
How do the ME muscles contract when a sound is presented? Contraction occurs in both ears, even if the stimulation is presented only in one ear.
In order from lowest threshold to the greatest threshold (in terms of inputting a stimulus), what is the order to get a measurable reflex? 1) Simultaneous stimulation 2) Ipsilateral stimulation 3) Contralateral stimulation
In the "dynamic characteristic" for ME muscles there is "sensitivity." What is the reflex a funtion of? Reflex threshold is a function of loudness, NOT intensity. Sensitive to 1)BW of signal 2) Total duration of signal 3) Ramp durations.
Created by: duda713
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