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Long Biochemistry 1

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QuestionAnswer
What are some organic compounds? Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, Proteins, Lipids
What are some examples of lipids? Fats (solid @ room temperature), Oils (liquid @ room temperature), and Waxes
What are the subunits or building blocks of proteins? Amino Acids
What molecuels can be put together to form a lipid molecule? 3 Fatty Acids and 1 Glycerol
What are the building blocks of polysaccharides? Monosaccharides
In what form do animals store their energy? Fat (lipid) and Glycogen (carbohydrate)
In what form do plants store their energy? Oils and Waxes (lipids) and Starch (carbohydrate)
What elements do carbohydrates contain? Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen (1:2:1 ratio)
What elements do lipids contain? Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
What elements do nucleic acids contain? Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorous
What elements do proteins contain? carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, (sometimes sulfur)
What is the function of carbohydrates? Main (quick) energy source; Cellulose makes cell walls in plants rigid and strong; Starch and glycogen are stored energy.
What is the function of lipids? Stored energy; the main component of cell membranes; In animals, insulation and protection of organs.
What is the functon of proteins? Proteins make up many structures of our cells, like collagen in our skin and keratin in our hair and nails. Melanin gives us color in our skin. Hemoglobin carries oxygen in red blood cells. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels.
What are some more functions of proteins? Proteins like antibodies help with immunity and enzymes speed up chemical reactions like digestion/synthesis and respiration.
What is the function of nucleic acids? Stores the hereditary information. Provides information for traits.
What are examples of carbohydrates? Glucose, Fructose, Sucrose, anything with (ose), cellulose, starch, glycogen
What are examples of proteins? Hormones (insulin, adrenaline), Enzymes, Antibodies, Structural (Melanin, Keratin, Collagen, Actin & Myosin)
What are examples of lipids? Fats, Oils, Waxes
What are examples of nucleic acids? DNA, RNA
What does the structure of glucose look like? Glucose is a ring (hexagon). Its chemical formula is C6H12O6
What does the structure of a lipid look like? 1 Glycerol with 3 fatty acids bonded to it.
What does the structure of an amino acid look like? Left - Amino Group (NH2) - C - Carboxyl Group (-COOH) Right
What does the structure of a nucleotide look like? It has a phosphate group (P) connected to a sugar (pentagon) connected to a Nitrogen Base (A,G, T, or C)
Created by: dlong
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