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Apologia Gen Sci 4
Apologia Exploring Creation with General Science Module 4
| Name, Term, or Concept | Description/Definition |
|---|---|
| the goal of science | to find out why; motivated by curiosity |
| the goal of applied science | to make something better |
| technology | the invention of a new process or machine that makes life better or makes a job easier |
| simple machine* | a device that reduces the amount of force needed to perform a task or changes the direction of a force |
| force* | a push or pull that changes the motion of an object |
| lever | a rigid bar that rotates around a fixed point called a fulcrum |
| mechanical advantage* | the amount by which force or motion is magnified in a simple machine |
| first-class lever | magnifies and changes direction of the effort |
| second-class lever | magnifies but does not change direction of the effort |
| third-class lever | magnifies speed but does not magnify or change direction of the effort (effort is greater) |
| mechanical advantage of a lever = | (distance from fulcrum to effort) ÷ (distance from fulcrum to resistance) |
| diameter* | the length of a straight line that travels from one side of a circle to another, while passing through the center of the circle |
| mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle = | (diameter of the wheel) ÷ (diameter of the axle) |
| wheel and axle | a large circular wheel attached to a smaller cylinder (the axle) |
| pulley | a grooved wheel that rotates freely on a frame which is usually called a block, with a rope in the groove |
| block and tackle | a system of multiple pulleys |
| mechanical advantage of one pulley | 1 |
| mechanical advantage of two pulleys | 2 |
| mechanical advantage of an inclined plane, wedge, or double wedge = | (length of slope) ÷ height |
| screw | an inclined plane wrapped around the axle of a wheel and axle |
| pitch of a screw | the vertical distance between the threads |
| mechanical advantage of a screw = | circumference ÷ pitch |
| circumference* | the distance around a circle, equal to pi (approximately 3.1416) times the circle's diameter |
| pi | a number that is approximately 3.1416 |
Created by:
ginnie
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