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Chapter1

Populations and Communities

QuestionAnswer
organism A living thing
habitat an environment that provides the things the organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce
Biotic factors the living parts of a habitat
Abiotic factors are the nonliving parts of an organism's habitat
Photosynthesis The process in which organisms use water along with sunlight and carbon dioxide to make their own food.
Species A group of organisms that are physically similar and can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce.
Population All the members of one species in a particular area.
Community All the different populations that live together in an area.
Ecosystem The community of organisms that live in a particular area along with their nonliving surroundings.
Ecology The study of how living things interact with each other and their environment.
Estimate An approximation of a number, based on reasonable assumptions.
Birth rate The number of births in a population in a certain amount of time.
Death rate The number of deaths in a population in a certain amount of time.
Immigration Moving into a population.
Emigration Leaving a population.
Population density The number of individuals in a specific area.
Limiting factors An environmental factor that causes a population to decrease.
Carrying capacity The largest population that an area can support.
Nature selecton A process by which characteristics that make an individual better suited to its environment become more common in a species.
Adaptations A behavior or physical characteristic that allows an organism to live successfully in its environment.
Niche The role of an organism in its habitat, or how it makes its living.
Computition The struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resource.
Predation An interaction in which one organism kills another for food.
Predator The organism that does the killing in a predation interaction.
Prey An organism that is killed and eaten by another organism.
Sumiusis A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species.
Mutualism A relationship between two species in which both species benefit.
Commenalism A relationship between two species in which one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed.
Parasitism A relationship in which one organism lives on or in a host and harms it.
Parasite The organism that benefits by living on or in a host in a parasitism interaction.
Host The organism that a parasite lives in or on in a parasitism interaction.
Succesion The series of predictable changes that occur in a community over time.
Primary succesion The series of changes that occur in an area where no soil or organisms exist.
Pioneer species The first species to populate an area.
Secondary succesion The series of changes that occur in an area where the ecosystem has been disturbed, but where soil and organisms still exist.
Created by: jsat2
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