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Psych 100 Chapter 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| sensation | sense organs' detection of stimuli, their response to the stimuli and the transmission of these responses to the brain |
| perception | processing, organization, and interpretation of sensory signals; it results in an internal respresentation of the stimulus |
| absolute threshold | minimum intensity of stimulation that must occur before you experience a sensation Ex: absolute threshold for hearing = the faintest sound a person can detect 50% of the time |
| difference threshold | noticeable difference between two stimuli; the minimum change in volume, the minimum quantitative change, required for you to detect a difference Ex: friend watching tv while you're reading, look up when a commerical comes on |
| audition | hearing; the sense of sound perception |
| sound wave | A pattern of changes in air pressure during a period of time; it produces the percept of a sound -wave's amplitude = loudness (higher the sound, louder the sound) -wave's frequency = pitch (higher frequency higher the pitch) |
| basilar membrane | -movement of the basilar membrane stimulates hair cells to bend and to send info to the auditory nerve |
| retina | the thin inner surface of the back of the eyeball; it contains the photoreceptors that transduce light into neural signals |
| rods | retinal cells that respond to low levels of illumination and result in BLACK & WHITE perception |
| cones | retinal cells that respond to higher levels of illumination and result in COLOR perception |
| fovea | the center of the retina, where cones are densely packed |
| primary visual cortex | cortical areas in the occiptial lobes, at the back of the head |
| trichromatic theory | color vision reults from activity in 3 different types of cones that are sensitive to different wavelengths (S, M, and L) |
| blind spot | small point at the back of the retina created by the optic nerve no receptors at this spot b/c it is where the nerve leaves the eye |
| opponent-process theory | when some colors seem to be "opposites" Ex: looking at a RED image for some time then we see GREEN afterimage when we look away; when we stare at a GREEN image we see a RED afterimage |
| gate control theory of pain | neural "gates" in the spinal cord allow signals through. Those gates can be closed when info about touch is being transmitted (ex: rubbing a sore arm) or by distraction) |
| Gestalt | -german word: "shape" or "form" -psychology meaning: "organized whole" -holds that our brains can use innate principles to organize sensory info Ex: we perceive "a car" vs "metal, tires, door, hubcaps, etc" |
| principle of proxmity | states that the closer two figures are to each other, the more likely we are to group them and see them as part of the same object |
| principle of similarity | we tend to group figures according to how closely they resemble each other. |
| binocular dept cues | cues of depth perception that arise from the fact that people have two eyes |
| monocular depth cues | cues of depth perception that are available to each eye alone |
| convergence | cue of binocular depth perception; when a person views a nearby object, the eye muscles turn the eyes inward |
Created by:
kdeep27
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