What are the organizational levels of a biological system in order from least to most complex?

Species, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere

Traits that allow organisms to survive in their environment.

Give an example of an adaptation that would be beneficial to an organism.

Color change, Beak Size, Flipper shape, etc.

Relationship where one organism benefits, and the other is unaffected.

Relationship where both organisms benefit.

Relationship where one organism benefits, and the other is harmed.

Give an example of mutualism.

E-coli living in our digestive system.

organisms that make their own food.

organisms that rely on other organisms for food.

Organisms that eat both plants and animals.

Organisms that break down dead matter.

Explain why there are typically more producers than consumers in an energy pyramid.

Usually the higher the energy the fewer organisms. Example: grasses and shrubs out number the consumers in a food web.

Explain biomagnification.

When toxic substances enter a food chain or food web, the concentration increases up the food web/food chain.

What is the difference in primary and secondary succession?

Primary occurs where soil is NOT present, and secondary occurs where soil IS present.

What are the steps involved in succession?

Moss and other microscopic organisms are found. Then grasses develop. Weeds and shrubs are found next, followed by trees.

Explain what is meant by carrying capacity.

The maximum number of organisms and ecosystem can support.(Remember the Oh Deer! Game ... deer would only survive as long as there were enough habitats available)

What is the difference in a theory and a hypothesis?

Theories are well established explanations based on multiple researchers. They can be disproved as new evidence is found. Hypothesis are testable statements.

Explain why you might see a decline in a population.

Habitat is destroyed, food source is limited, etc.

If all the secondary consumers in a food web are removed, which organisms will not suffer?

primary consumers and producers.

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Ecology Unit 2

Unit 2 Exam

Question	Answer
What are the two types of environmental factors? (hint: living vs. nonliving)	Abiotic and Biotic
What are the organizational levels of a biological system in order from least to most complex?	Species, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere
Define adaptations.	Traits that allow organisms to survive in their environment.
Give an example of an adaptation that would be beneficial to an organism.	Color change, Beak Size, Flipper shape, etc.
Define Commensalism.	Relationship where one organism benefits, and the other is unaffected.
Define Mutualism.	Relationship where both organisms benefit.
Define Parasitism.	Relationship where one organism benefits, and the other is harmed.
Give an example of Commensalism.	Barnacles attached to a whale.
Give an example of mutualism.	E-coli living in our digestive system.
Give an example of parasitism.	Tick on a dog.
Define producer.	organisms that make their own food.
Define consumer.	organisms that rely on other organisms for food.
Define herbivore.	organisms that eat plants.
Define omnivore.	Organisms that eat both plants and animals.
Define carnivore.	Organisms that eat only meat.
Define decomposer.	Organisms that break down dead matter.
Explain why there are typically more producers than consumers in an energy pyramid.	Usually the higher the energy the fewer organisms. Example: grasses and shrubs out number the consumers in a food web.
Explain biomagnification.	When toxic substances enter a food chain or food web, the concentration increases up the food web/food chain.
Where is the greatest concentration of toxins (example DDT) in a food web?	Tertiary (or higher) consumers
What is the difference in primary and secondary succession?	Primary occurs where soil is NOT present, and secondary occurs where soil IS present.
What are the steps involved in succession?	Moss and other microscopic organisms are found. Then grasses develop. Weeds and shrubs are found next, followed by trees.
Explain what is meant by carrying capacity.	The maximum number of organisms and ecosystem can support.(Remember the Oh Deer! Game ... deer would only survive as long as there were enough habitats available)
What is the difference in a theory and a hypothesis?	Theories are well established explanations based on multiple researchers. They can be disproved as new evidence is found. Hypothesis are testable statements.
Explain why you might see a decline in a population.	Habitat is destroyed, food source is limited, etc.
If all the secondary consumers in a food web are removed, which organisms will not suffer?	primary consumers and producers.

Created by: Schoepf

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