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bhscellstructurefxn
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Composed of one or more cells | All living things |
| Basic unit of structure and function in organisms | Cells |
| All cells come from | pre-existing cells by cell division |
| Group of cells functioning together | tissue |
| Group of tissues functioning together | organ |
| Group of organs functioning together | organ system |
| Group of organ systems functioning together | organism |
| True or False - Prokaryotes have no defined nucleus | True |
| True or False - Prokaryotes have no membrane bound organelles | True |
| Prokaryotes have free floating...? | DNA, RNA, and Ribosomes |
| True or False - Eukaryotes have a true nucleus | True |
| True or False - Eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles | True |
| Yeast is... | Uni-cellular eukaryote |
| Plants and animals are... | Multi-cellular eukaryotes |
| Encloses the cell, and regulates movement in and out of the cell | Cell membrane |
| The cell membrane is made of | phospholipids and proteins |
| Material where organelles are suspended | Cytoplasm |
| What does the cytoplasm fill in? | The empty space of the cell |
| What provides support for organelles and helps maintain cell shape | Cytoskeleton |
| What is the cytoskeleton made of? | Microtubules & Microfilaments |
| What is the control center (brain) of the cell? | Nucleus |
| What is located in the nucleus? | DNA |
| What is the "nucleus within a nucleus" called? | Nucleolus |
| What does the nucleolus do? | Produces ribosomes |
| Very long, thin strands of DNA | Chromatin |
| Sites where proteins are made | Ribosome |
| True or False - Ribosomes float free or are attached to the Endoplasmic Reticulum | True |
| A type of endoplasmic reticulum with ribosomes (protein synthesis) | Rough ER |
| A type of endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes (synthesis of fats and carbohydrates) | Smooth ER |
| Forms stacks of flat tubes | Golgi body |
| True or False - Golgi bodies package and secrete proteins made by the cell at one location, and used at another | True |
| True or False - Golgi bodies make cellulose in plants | True |
| Produced by golgi bodies | Lysosomes |
| What do lysosomes contain? | Digestive materials that break down materials |
| Foreign material (bacteria and viruses)white blood cells, dead cells,aging tissues, food | Materials broken down by digestive materials in lysosomes |
| What happens when lysosomes malfunction? | It can lead to cancer and death of a cell |
| Fluid filled bubbles with membranes like plasma membrane | Vacuoles |
| Are vacuoles large or small in animals? | Small |
| Are vacuoles large or small in plants? | Large |
| Function of vacuoles | Storage of food, wastes, pigments |
| What do vacuoles control balance of? | Water (osmosis) inside the cell |
| Changes energy in food into chemical energy a cell can use | Mitochondria - the Mighty-mitochondria |
| True or False - Mitochondria has its own DNA | True |
| Describe the shape of mitochondria | Bean-shaped |
| Contains chlorophyll for making food with sunlight | Chloroplast |
| True or false - Chloroplast pigments in plants | True |
| True or false - Chloroplast contain its own DNA amd ribosomes, and can reproduce | True |
| Not found in animal cells | cell wall |
| The cell wall surrounds | cell membrane |
| What is the function of the cell wall? | Supports and protects the cell |
| What is the cell wall made of in plants? | Cellulose |
| What is the cell wall made of in fungus cells? | Chitin |
| Short hair-like structures all over the cell | Cilia |
| Part of the cell that is a long, whip-like structure | Flagella |
| Structures for movement are found mostly in... | Prokaryotes |