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Chapter 7

Biology 2

QuestionAnswer
alcoholic fermentation the process by which pyruvic acid is converted to ethyl alcohol; the anaerobic action of yeast on sugars
anaerobic pathway does not require oxygen
cellular respiration the process in which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds
fermentation a process in which cells make a limited amount of ATP by converting glucose into another organic compound, such as lactic acid or ethyl alcohol, in the absence of oxygen
glycolysis a pathway in which glucose is oxidized to pyruvic acid
kilocalorie a unit of energy equal to 1,000 calories; the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1 degree C
lactic acid fermentation process by which pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid
NAD+ an organic molecule that accepts electrons during redox reactions
pyruvic acid a three-carbon molecule that is the end product of glycolysis
acetyl coenzyme A compound that reacts with oxaloacetic acid in the first step of the Krebs cycle
aerobic respiration process in which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds, with oxygen as the final electron acceptor
citric acid a six-carbon compound formed in the Krebs cycle
electron transport chain molecules in the thylakoid membrane or inner mitochondrial membrane that uses some of the energy in electrons to pump protons across the membrane
FAD compound that accepts electrons during redox reactions
Krebs cycle a series of biochemical reactions that release carbon dioxide and result in the formation of ATP
mitochondrial matrix the space inside the inner membrane of a mitochondrion
oxaloacetic acid a four-carbon compound that compound with acetyl CoA in the Krebs cycle to produce citric acid
Created by: kady.ott
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