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Chapter 1
Populations and communities
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| organism | a living thing |
| habitat | an environment that provides the things an organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce |
| biotic factors | the living part of a habitat |
| abiotic factors | a nonliving part of an organism's habitat |
| photosynthesis | the process in which organisms use water, sunlight and carbon dioxide to make their own food |
| species | a group of organism's that are physically similar and can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce |
| population | all of the members of one species in a particular area |
| community | all the different populations that live together in an area |
| ecosystem | the community of organisms that live in a particular area along with their nonliving surroundings |
| ecology | the study of how living things interact with each other and with the environment |
| estimate | an approximation of a number based on reasonable assumptions |
| birth rate | the number of births in a population in a certain amount of time |
| death rate | the number of deaths in a population in a certain amount of time |
| immigration | moving into a population |
| emigration | leaving a population |
| limiting factor | an environmental factor that causes a population to decrease |
| population density | the number of individuals in an area of specific size |
| carrying capacity | the largest population that an area can support |
| natural selection | a characteristic that makes an individual better suited to its environment |
| adaptations | the behaviors and physical characteristics that allow organisms to live successfully in their environments |
| niche | the role of an organism in its habitat or how it makes a living |
| competition | the struggle between organisms to survive |
| predation | an interaction in which one organism kills another for food |
| predator | the organism that does the killing |
| prey | the organism that gets killed |
| symbiosis | a close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species |
| mutualism | a relationship in which both species benefit |
| commensalism | a relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is not helped or harmed |
| parasitism | one organism living on or inside another organism and harming it |
| parasite | the organism that benefits |
| host | the organism that lives on or in |
| primary succession | the series of changes that occur in an area where no soil or organisms exist |
| succession | the series of predictable changes that occur in a community over time |
| pioneer species | the first species to populate the area |
| secondary succession | the series of changes that occur in an area where the ecosystem has been disturbed, but where soil and organisms still exist |
Created by:
aewing
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