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Science 8th Ch 2 Voc
Earth Science Chapter 2 Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anything that occupies space and has mass | Matter |
| Materials made of just one kind of particle | Pure Substances |
| What is a combination of two or more pure substances or other mixtures | Mixture |
| Matter that must be made of separate particles that are always moving and have some attraction to each other. | States of matter |
| Usually determine its state of matter | Temperature |
| The attraction between particles is greater than their ability to move away from each other, vibrate in fixed place, size doesn't change | Solids |
| Can move around but are still close together, no fixed shape, volumes constant | Liquid |
| Are far apart and move fast, almost no attraction, no fixed shape, no constant volume | Gases |
| Fourth state of matter. Acts like a gases but particles move so fast and collide so hard that they break apart and become electrically charged. | Plasma |
| A process; when a solid becomes a liquid | Melting |
| Also called Solidification, the particles slow down until their attraction to each other locks them into fixed positions. | Freezing |
| The change from the liquid state to a vapor | Vaporization |
| Process when Vaporization happens so fast that the liquid forms bubbles that rise thru the liquid. | Boiling |
| If vaporization occurs over a long time at a temperature below the boiling point; can occur at any temp between the melting point of the liquid. | Evaporation |
| Is opposite of evaporation; as vapor particles clump together, they form droplets of liquid; these droplets float in the air or collect on cold surfaces | Condensation |
| Occurs when a solid substance turns directly into vapor without becoming a liquid first | Sublimation |
| The opposite process of sublimation collect on cool surfaces, forming the solid state without becoming liquid first. | Deposition |
| Define matter. Why is it so hard to completely define it? | Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. |
| Discuss the differences between pure substances and mixtures. | PS are materials made of just one kind of particle. M are combinations of two or more pure substances or other materials. |
| What mainly determines a materials state of matter? How does it effect the particles of the material? | The state of matter is a physical form of matter described by its rigidity or fluidity, its ability to hold its shape and how definite its volume is. The particles move different speeds when in different temperatures. |
| What are the differences in the motions and arrangements of particles in solids and liquids? Between liquids and vapor? | Solid's particles are attracted to each other, they can't pull away, vibrate in a fixed place. Liquids move around but are still close together, no fixed shape but their volumes are constant. Gases have no attraction to each other |
| How is the plasma state in a substance different from the gas of the same substance? | Plasmas act like gases but their particles move so fast & collide so hard that they break apart & become electrically charged. Gases are far apart & move very fast, they have almost no attraction for each other. No fixed shape & no constant volume |
| Water vapor becomes liquid water droplets... this is an example of what? | Condensation |
| Molton steel hardens... example of what? | Solidification |
| On a cold clear night ice forms on the windshield of your family car ex. of what? | deposition |
| A block of dry ice slowly disappears... ex. of what? | sublimation |
| a beaker of liquid oxygen bubbles and forms oxygen gas ex. of what? | boiling |
| Name three ways to measure matter... | weight, volume & mass |
| What is a force and what two ways can a force relate to an object? | A force is a push or a pull (contact forces and field forces). There can be compression between objects, this force happens when you crush a soda can. Magnetic force happens in the solar system with the earth, planets, and moons revolving. |
| What are the two types of forces and how are they different? | Contact forces occur when objects touch & Field forces act on objects separated by distance |
| lightning is what force? | electric force |
| sand wearing away rock as water flows over the rock what force? | friction |
| increasing pressure as you go deeper into the ocean | compression |
| a chuck of a glacier falling off into the ocean to form an iceberg. what force? | gravity |
| a rope holding up a cave explorer. what force? | tension |
| A landslide. what force? | gravity |
| What force acts against gravity to keep you from sinking into solid ground when you stand? | weight |
| True or False. Your feet exert a compressive force on the ground where you stand. | True |
| What is true about the forces acting on a rock sitting on the ground? | Both forces act on the rock - pushing and pulling with no movement. |
| Even if scientists do discover dark matter during an LHC experiment, would that prove that the universe started with the Big Bang? Explain. | No because there still are no facts or a Bible or history telling us that the Big Bang is real. |
Created by:
bgpalmers
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