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Year 9 Biology

Human Body

QuestionAnswer
The process of breaking down complex foods into simple chemicals. Digestion
A type of food that we use for building new body parts. Protein
A type of food that our bodies break down into sugars for energy. Carbohydrate
A type of food made of oil or fat which contains a lot of energy. Lipid
A type of sugar used for energy. Glucose
A chemical in our body that breaks our food into simple chemicals. Enzyme
A liquid produced in our mouths to help digestion. Saliva
An enzyme in saliva that breaks down carbohydrates. Amylase
The tube that carries food to the stomach. Oesophagus
A 7m long tube where digestion is completed and simple chemicals are absorbed into the blood. Small Intestine
A 1m, large diameter, tube that removes water faeces. Large Intestine/Colon
Wrinkles on the inside of the small intestine that speed up the absorption of chemicals into the blood. Villi
When not enough water is removed from the faeces by the Large Intestine/Colon. Diarrhoea
When too much water is removed from the faeces by the Colon/Large Intestines. Constipation
Blood vessels which carry blood away from the heart and which contain elastic material. Arteries
Blood vessels which carry blood back to the heart and which contain valves. Veins
Very thin blood vessels that connect arteries to veins. Food chemicals, oxygen and CO2 can pass through their walls. Capillaries
A type of blood cell which carry oxygen. Red blood cells
A type of blood cell which fight bacteria and other germs. White blood cells
The red chemical in red blood cells. (contains iron - Fe) Haemoglobin
The clear art of the blood that food chemicals dissolve in. Plasma
Part of blood which helps it clot. Platelets
The expansion of arteries as blood passes through them. Pulse
The careful cutting open of an organism to examine its structure. Dissection
A chemical that controls the level of glucose in our blood. Insulin
A disease cause when the body doesn't produce enough insulin. Diabetes
Created by: lifeofmadalice
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