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EXAM1 A&PZOO171

Exam 1; body systems

QuestionAnswer
Integumentary Structures Skin, hair, nails, glands.
Integumentary Functions Protection of tissue, temperature regulation, sensory reception, biochemical synthesis.
Skeletal Structures Bones, ligaments, cartilages
Skeletal Function Protects softer tissues, framework for attachment, works together w/ muscles. Tissues inside bones produce blood cells & inorganic salts.
Nervous Structures Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sense organs.
Nervous Function Nerve cells used electrochemical signals or action potentials to communicate w/ each other, muscles, glands.
Muscular System/functions Muscles. Muscle contraction provides force, maintains posture, main source of body heat.
Endocrine System Pituitary, pineal, thymus,thyroid, adrenal, pancreas, testes, ovaries. (All glands that secrete hormones)
Endocrine Functions Hormones travel away from glands in one part of the body & affects cells in another part.
Cardiovascular System Heart, arteries, capillaries, blood.
Cardiovascular Functions Blood transports oxygen from lungs to cells, nutrients from digestive system to cells, hormones from endocrine, wastes to excretory glands.
Lymphatic System Lymphatic vessels, lymph fluid, lymph nodes, thymus, spleen.
Lymphatic Functions Transports fluid from spaces in tissue to bloodstream. Carries fatty substance away from digestive organs. A defense against disease.
Digestive Structure Mouth, tongue, teeth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small & large intestines.
Digestive Functions Receive and break down foods.
Respiratory Structure Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs.
Respiratory Function Exchange of gases between the blood and air.
Urinary Structure Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.
Urinary Function Removes waste from blood & maintains body's water & electrolyte balance.
Male Reproductive Structure Scrotum, testes, epididymides, ductus deferntia, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral gland, urethra, penis.
Female Reproductive Structure Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, clitoris, vulva.
Male Reproductive Function Produces & maintains sperm cells & transfers cells into FRS.
Female Reproductive Function Produces and maintains egg cells (ova) & receives male sperm cells. Supports development of embryo, carries fetus to term, birthing process.
Receptor Provides info about stimuli
Control Center Tells what a particular value should be (set point).
Effector Elicits responses that change conditions in the internal environment.
Monosaccharide Examples Glucose, fructose
Disaccharide Examples Sucrose, lactose
Polysaccharide Examples Glycogen, cellulose
Lipid Structure 1 glycerol + 3 fatty acids
Phospolipid structure 1 glycerol + 2 fatty acids + 1 phosphate
Steriod Structure 4 connected carbon rings
Peroxisomes are found.. Hepatic & Renal tissues
Passive processes Facilitated diffusion, Osmosis, Simple diffusion, Filtration.
Active processes Active transport, endocytosis (phag/pino/receptor-mediated), exocytosis, transcytosis.
Interphase Very active period, cell grows. Routine functions/replicates genetic info. G - phase: cell grows & synthesizes other than DNA. S- phase: cell replicates DNA.
Mitosis Karyokinesis, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis.
Prophase chromosomes form, nuclear envelope disappears.
Metaphase Chromosomes align midway btwn centrioles.
Anaphase Chromosomes separate and move to centrioles.
Telophase Chromatin forms; nuclear envelope forms.
Cytokinesis Cytoplasmic division, begins during anaphase. Contractile ring pinches cytoplasm in half.
oncogenes activate other genes that increase cell division (cancer causing gene).
Globular protein Quaterinary structure, hemoglobin.
Lipids Steriods, fats (saturated; straight chain) (unsaturated = double bonds, kink in chain), phospolipids
Created by: bgodbey
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