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ANSC Test 1 Review
History of the domestication of animals, and Genetics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abraham Maslow is famous for what chart? | The Hierarchy of Needs |
| Define domestication. | Animals under the control of men throughout their lives. Animals which are dependent upon men for protection or food. |
| When was the first animal domesticated? | 12,000 BC |
| What parts comprise the non carcass, or offal of an animal? | Hide, Reproductive Tract, Head, Digestive Tract, Blood, Viscera |
| What is the dressing percentage of an animal? | The portion of the live weight that becomes the carcass, or; DP= (Carcass Wt/Live Wt) x 100 |
| Define cutability. | The portion of the carcass that is boneless, closely trimmed retail cuts. The portion of the carcass that is muscle. |
| What is the formula to calculate the cutability of a carcass? | Retail Cut/Carcass Wt. |
| Define yield grades. | Indicators of cutability |
| Define quality grades. | Indicators of palatability |
| What are the components of palatability? | Tenderness, juiciness and flavor |
| What is a chromosome? | self-replicating genetic structure of cells containing the cellular DNA that bears in its nucleotide the linear array of genes |
| What does it mean to be homologous? | corresponding in the type of structure and derived from a common primitive origin |
| What is a gene? | the fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity |
| What is a locus? | the place on a chromosome where a gene is located |
| What is an allele? | genes occupying corresponding loci in homologous chromosomes that affect the same hereditary trait but in different ways |
| What is mitosis? | process in which the cell undergoes replication and division into two daughter cells; reproduction of somatic cells |
| What is meiosis? | production of gamete cells |
| What is a gamete? | male and female reproductive cells otherwise known as the sperm cell and the egg cell |
| What is a zygote? | the cell formed by the union of two gametes |
| What is a diploid? | two chromosomes |
| What is a haploid? | one chromosome |
| Define 2n. | another way of saying diploid |
| Define 1n. | another way of saying haploid |
| What does it mean to be homozygous? | an individual whose genes for a specific trait are alike |
| What does it mean to be heterozygous? | an individual that possesses unlike genes for a particular trait |
| What are Mendel's two laws (based on genetic patterns)? | Law of Segregation and Law of Independent Assortment |
| What is the Law of Segregation? | chromosome pairs; seperate during gamete formation |
| What is the Law of Independent Assortment? | allele pairs seperate independently during gamete formation |
| What does it mean to 'crossover'? | random trait crossing during gamete formation |
| Define dominant. | gene that overpowers the expression of its recessive allele |
| Define recessive. | gene that has its phenotype masked by its dominant allele when the two genes are present together in an individual |
| What does "simply-inherited" mean? | usually one gene; usually an either/or Ex: horned/polled |
| What does it mean to be polygenic? | more than one gene code for a trait |
| How many chromosmes does a human have? | 46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs |
| Define genotype. | genetic make up of an animal |
| Define phenotype. | physical appearance |
Created by:
jollygnt7
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