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Biology H test 1
Test stduy for biology covering types of science, atoms, macromolecules...etc
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 10 unifying themes of life? | Biological systems, the cellular basis of life, form and function, reproduction and inheritance,interaction with environment, energy and life, regulation, adaptions and environment, biology and society, and scientific inquiry |
| What is an observation? | the use of senses to gather information |
| inference | logical conclusion based on observations |
| What are the steps in the scientific method? | 1. observation, 2. Question, 3.Hypothesis, 4.prediction, 5.test |
| What are the 10 unifying themes of life? | Biological systems, the cellular basis of life, form and function, reproduction and inheritance,interaction with environment, energy and life, regulation, adaptions and environment, biology and society, and scientific inquiry |
| What is discovery science? | science that describes natural structures and processes as accurately as possible through careful observation and data |
| What is hypothesis based science? | Science that is based on a hypothesis and is tested usually following the scientific method |
| What is an independent variable? | The thing the scientist manipulates |
| What is the dependent variable? | The result- what you measure- what your looking for |
| What is an observation? | the use of senses to gather information |
| What is a constant? | Everything that is kept constant |
| inference | logical conclusion based on observations |
| What is a hypothesis? | A suggested answer to a well defined science question, an educated guess |
| What are the steps in the scientific method? | 1. observation, 2. Question, 3.Hypothesis, 4.prediction, 5.test |
| What is a theory? | Awell-tested explanation that makes sense of a great variety of scientific explanations |
| What is discovery science? | science that describes natural structures and processes as accurately as possible through careful observation and data |
| Why is i necessary to have a controled experiment? | It tests the effects of a single variable and eliminates other variables that could affect the outome |
| What is hypothesis based science? | Science that is based on a hypothesis and is tested usually following the scientific method |
| What is quantitive data? | Data that is recorded with measurements using the mretric system (numbers) |
| What is an independent variable? | The thing the scientist manipulates |
| What is qualitive data? | Data using descriptions and observations (words) |
| What is the dependent variable? | The result- what you measure- what your looking for |
| What is an atom? | The smallest possible paricle of an element made up of subatomic particles |
| What is a control? | A comparison tool |
| What 4 things make up an atom? | Protons, Electrons, Neutrons, and a nucleus |
| What is a constant? | Everything that is kept constant |
| What is an atomic number? | the number of protons in a specific element |
| What is a hypothesis? | A suggested answer to a well defined science question, an educated guess |
| What is an isotope? | An atom with the same number of protons buta different number of neutrons |
| What is a theory? | Awell-tested explanation that makes sense of a great variety of scientific explanations |
| What is n ion? | An atom that has become positively or |
| Why is i necessary to have a controled experiment? | It tests the effects of a single variable and eliminates other variables that could affect the outome |
| What is quantitive data? | Data that is recorded with measurements using the mretric system (numbers) |
| What is qualitive data? | Data using descriptions and observations (words) |
| What is an atom? | The smallest possible paricle of an element made up of subatomic particles |
| What 4 things make up an atom? | Protons, Electrons, Neutrons, and a nucleus |
| What is an atomic number? | the number of protons in a specific element |
| What is an isotope? | An atom with the same number of protons buta different number of neutrons |
| What is an ion? | An atom that has become positively or negatively charged as a result of gaining or loosing an electron |
| How does an ionic bond form? | when an atom transfers an electron to another atom |
| How does a covalent bond form? | when two atoms share electrons |
| What is a polar molecule? | A water molecule where opposite ends have opposite charges (the negative attracts the positive) |
| What is a hydrogen bond? | a chemical bond where a hydrogen atom of one molecule bonds with negative atom within another molecule |
| What is cohesion? | the tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick to one another |
| What is adhesion? | The attraction of unlike molecules |
| What is thermal energy? | total amount of energy associated with the random movement of atoms and molecules in a sample of matter |
| What is temperature? | the measure of the average energy of random motion of the particles in a substance |
| What is a solution? | uniform mixture of two or more substances |
| WHat is a solvent? | a substance that the other substance became a part of and is present in the greater amount |
| What is a solute? | substance that is disolved and present in the lesser amount |
| What is an aqueous solution? | a solution where water is the solvent |
| What is an acid? | A compound that gives H+ ions and makes the pH lower |
| What is a base? | A compound that removes H+ ions and makes the pH higher |
| What is a neutral pH? | 7 |
| What is a buffer? | A substance that causes a solution to resist changes in pH |
| What is a reactant? | the starting material for a reaction |
| What is a product | The ending material for a reaction |
| What is an organic molecule? | what most carbon based molecules are classified as |
| what is an inorganic molecule? | A noncarbon based molecule |
| What is a hydrocarbon? | an organic molecule composed of only carbon and hydrogen |
| What does mean hydrophilic? | attracing water molecules (polar) |
| What does hydrophobic mean? | water fearing molecule (nonpolar) |
| What is a functional group? | A group of atoms within a molecule that interacts in predictable ways with other moleules |
| What is a monomer? | a small molecular unit that is a building block of a larger molecule |
| What is a polymer? | A long chain of small molecular units (monomers) |
| how are polymers formed? | By taking away water (dehydration reaction) |
| How are polymers broken down? | By adding water (hydrosis reaction) |
| What is a carbohydrate? | An organic compound made up of sugar molecules that provides fuel and building material for life |
| what are monosaccharides? | Simple sugars that contain just one sugar unit (examples glucose,fructose, and galactose) |
| What is a disaccharide? | A sugar with two monosaccharides constucted by a dehydration reaction |
| Whatb are polysaccharides? | long polymer chains made up of simple sugar monomers |
| what is starch? | the polysaccharide found in plants consisting of entirely glucose monomers |
| what is glycogen? | a chain of many glucose monomers in animal and human cells |
| What is cellulose? | A polysaccharide found in plants that serves as a building material that protects cells and stiffens the plant |
| What is a lipid? | A hydrophobic compound that acts as a boundary for cells, circulates the body as a chemical signal, or is stored as fat for energy for your body |
| What is a fat? | a three carbon backbone called glycerol attached to three fatty acids containing long lhydrocarbon chains |
| what is a saturated fat? | a fat in which all three fatty acid chains have the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms |
| What is an unsaturated fat? | A fat that contains less than the maximum number of hydrogen atoms in one or more of fatty acid chains because some of it's carbon atoms are double bonded to eachother |
| What is a steroid? | A lipid molecule which the carbon skeleton forms four fused rings |
| what is cholesterol? | an essential molecule found in membranes that surround cells |
| What is a protein? | A polymer constructed from set of 20 kinds of monomers called amino acids that is responsible for most day to day functioninf of organisms |
| What is an amino acid? | A monomer consisting of central carbon atoms bonded to four partners |
| WHat is a polypeptide? | A chain where cells are linked together to create proteins by linking amino acids together |
| What is denaturation? | A change in temperature, pH, or quality of environment that causes a protein to unravel and loose shape |
| What is activation energy? | start up energy that activates reactants and triggers a chemical reaction |
| what is a catalyst? | a compound that speds up a chemical reation |
| what is an enzyme? | the main catalyst of a chemical reation that is a specialized protein |
| what is a substrate? | a specific reaction acted upon by an enzyme |
| What is an active site? | A particular region of an enzyme that substrates fit into |
| Why is structure important to a molecule? | it is essential to the function, the molecule can only properly function within certain ranges of a condition |
Created by:
hibckay27
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