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Thorax/Lungs
Health Assessment Vocabulary - Thorax & Lungs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Alveoli | Functional units of the lung; the thin-walled chambers surrounded by networks of capillaries that are the site of respiratory exchange of carbon dioxide & oxygen |
| Angle of Louis | Manubriosternal angle, the articulation of the manubrium and body of the sternum, continuous with the second rib |
| Apnea | Cessation of breathing |
| Asthma | An abormal respiratory condition associated with allergic hypersensitivity to certain inhaled allergens, characterized by bronchospasm, wheezing, and dsypnea |
| Atelectasis | An abnormal respiratory conition characterized by collapsed, shrunken, deflated section of alevoli |
| Bradypnea | Slow breathing, <10 breaths per minute, regular rate |
| Bronchiole | One of the smaller respiratory passageways into which the segmental bronchi divide |
| Bronchitis | Imflammation of the bronchi with partial obstruction of bronchi due to excessive mucous secretion |
| Bronchophony | The spoken voice sound heard through the stethosocope, which souns soft, muffled, and indistinct over normal lung tissue |
| Bronchovesicular | The normal breath sound heard over major bronchi, characterized by moderate pitch and an equal duration of inspiration & expiration |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | A functional category of abnormal respiratory conditions characterized by airflow obstruction (e.g. emphysema, chronic bronchitis) |
| Cilia | Millions of hairlike cells lining the tracheobronchial tree |
| Consolidation | The solidification of portions of lung tissue as it fills up with infectious exudate, as in pneumonia |
| Crackles | (Rales) abnormal, discontinuous, adventitious lung sounds heard on inspiration |
| Crepitus | Coarse, crackling sensation palpable over the skin when air abnormally escapes from the lung and enters the subcutaneous tissue |
| Dead Space | Passageways that transport air but are not available for gaseous exchange (e.g. trachea, bronchi) |
| Dyspnea | Difficult, labored breathing |
| Egophony | The voice sound of "eeeee" heard through the stethoscope |
| Emphysema | The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease characterized by enlargement of alveoli distal to terminal bronchioles |
| Fissure | The narrow crack dividing the lobes of the lungs |
| Fremitus | A palpable vibration from the spoken voice felt over the chest wall |
| Friction rub | A coarse, grating, adventitious lung sound heard when the pleurae are inflamed |
| Hypercapnia | (Hypercarbia) increased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood |
| Hyperventillation | Increased rate and depth of breathing |
| Hypoxemia | Decreased level of oxygen in the blood |
| Intercostal Space | Space between the ribs |
| Kussmaul Respiration | A type of hyperventilation that occurs with diabetic ketoacidosis |
| Orthopnea | Ability to breathe easily only in an upright position |
| Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea | Sudden awakening from sleeping with shortness of breath |
| Percussion | Striking over the chest wall with short, sharp blows of the fingers to determine the size and density of the underlying organ |
| Pleural Effusion | Abnormal fluid between the layers of the pleura |
| Rhonchi | Low-pitched, musical, snoring, adventitious lung sound caused by airflow obstruction from secretions |
| Tachypnea | Rapid, shallow breathing, >24 breaths per minute |
| Vesicular | The soft, low-pitched, normal breath sounds heard over peripheral lung fields |
| Vital Capacity | The amount of air following maximal inspiration that can be exhaled |
| Wheeze | High-pitched, musical, squeaking adventitious lung sound |
| Whispered pectoriloquy | A whispered phrase heard through the stethosocope that sounds faint and inaudble over normal lung tissue |
| Xiphoid Process | Sword-shaped lower tip of the sternum |
Created by:
jsl0009
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