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Biology
Atoms
| Vocabulary | Definition |
|---|---|
| Question Element | A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions |
| Atom | Smallest possible unit of an element that retains the physical and chemical properties of its element. |
| Neutron | has no charge |
| Proton | one positive charge |
| Electron | one negative charge |
| Atomic Number | Number of protons in an atom of a particular element. |
| Atomic Mass | Number of protons and neutrons in an atom |
| Isotopes | Atoms of an element that have the same atomic number but different mass number. |
| Electrons | Light negatively charged particles that orbit around nucleus. |
| Chemical Bonds | The attraction, sharing, or transfer of outer shell electrons from one atom to another that hold molecules together. |
| Molecules | made of atoms that have combined chemically. |
| Compound | molecules made from more than one type of atom. |
| Structural Formula | Formula which represents the atoms and bonding within a molecule (e.g., H-H). The line represents a shared pair of electrons. |
| Molecular/Chemical Formula | Formula which indicates the number and type of atoms (e.g., H2) |
| Covalent bond | Chemical bond between atoms formed by sharing a pair of valence electrons. |
| Single Covalent bond | Bond between atoms formed by sharing a single pair of valence electrons. |
| Double Covalent bond | Bond formed when atoms share two pairs of valence electrons |
| Triple Covalent bond | Bond formed when atoms share three pairs of valence electrons |
| Electronegativity | Atom's ability to attract and hold electrons. |
| Nonpolar Covalent bond | Covalent bond formed by an equal sharing of electrons between atoms. |
| Ion | Charged atom or molecule |
| Ionic Bond | Bond formed by the electrostatic attraction after the complete transfer of an electron from a donor atom to an acceptor. |