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Ch.2 sec 1,2,3,4

6th SMS S.S. "The Earth's Physical Geography"

QuestionAnswer
orbit the path followed by an object in space as it moves around another
revolution one complete orbit of Earth around the sun. Earth completes one rrevolution every 365 years.
axis imaginary line around which a planet turns. Earth turns around its axis which runs between its north and south poles.
rotation spinning motion of Earth, like a top on its axis. Earth takes 24 hours to rotate one time.
low latitudes region between the tropic of Cancer and the tropic of Capricorn
high latitudes regions between the Arctic Circle and the North Pole and the Antarctic Circle and the South Pole.
middle latitudes regions between the TROPIC OF CANCER AND THE ARCTIC CIRCLE AND THE TROPIC OF Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle
Tropic of Cancer 23.5 degrees North, part ofEarth that receives the most direct light and heat energy from the Sun. This region is on both sides of the Equator.
Tropic of Capricorn The southern boundary of the tropics. 23.5 degrees South
Arctic Circle 66 degrees north line of latitude around Earth near the North Pole
Antarctic Circle 66 degree south line of latitude around Earth near the south pole
landform shapes and types of land
mountain landforms that rise usually more than 2,000 feet above sea level
hill lower and less steep than mountains with rouded tops
plateau large, mostly flat area that rises above the surrounding land
plain large areas of flat or gently rolling land (many are coastal plains or in the middle of a continent)
plate tectonics theory that the earth's crust is broken into huge, slowly slabs of rock called plates
plate a huge section of the Earth's crust which continents rest on (fit together like a puzzle, they were once called Pangea)
weathering the breaking down of rocks by wind, rain or ice
erosion process by which water, wind or ice wears way landforms and carries the material to another place
atmosphere layer of gasses surrounding the earth
Ring of Fire circle of volcanic mountains surrounding the Pacific Ocean
Pangea sngle landmass that broke apart to form continents (existed 180 million years ago)
weather condition of the bottom layer of Earth's atmosphere in one place over a short period of time
temperature degree of hotness or coldness ; such as air or water that is measured with a thermometer
precipitation all forms of water (rain, sleet, hail, snow) that fall to the ground from the atmosphere
climate the weather patterns of an area over a long period of time
Gulf Stream warm ocean current of the North Atlantic, flowing northweastward off the North American coast
Peru Current cold water current in southest Pacific ocean that flows between 40 degrees south and 4 degrees south
California Current southward flowing ocean current along West Coast of N. America (48 - 23 degress north)
St. Louis city in Missouri (38 N, 90 W)
Great Plains Region in the U.S.A. with a humid continentla climate, which supports grasslands & forests (moderate to hot summers and the possibility of very cold winters)
vegetation plants that grow naturally in certain climates
Geographers study _________ broad types of climates FIVE
barren, usually frozen land found in the Artic Circle, with a Polar Climate that does not support the growth of trees due to the short, cold summers and long, even colder winters TUNDRA
What kind of vegetation CAN grow on a Tundra? low grasses and shrubs, mosses and lichens and a few flowering plants
A dense covering of branches and leaves that make up the upper layer of vegetation in a Tropical Rain Forest CANOPY
Place where the climate changes are related to the elevation on a mountain (example Mt. Everest) VERTICAL CLIMATE
Created by: SimardRR
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