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Chemistry Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Molecular/Chemical Formula | Formula which indicates the number and type of atoms. |
| Structural Formula | Formula which represents the atoms and bonding within a molecule. The line represents a shared pair of electrons. |
| Compound | Molecules made from more than one type of atom. |
| Molecules | Made of atoms that have combined chemically. |
| Chemical Bonds | The attraction, sharing, or transfer of outer shell electrons from one atom to another that hold molecules together. |
| Electrons | Light negatively charged particles that orbit around nucleus. |
| Isotopes | Atoms of an element that have the same atomic number but different mass number. |
| Atomic number | Number of protons in an atom of a particular element. |
| Atom | Smallest possible unit of an element that retains the physical and chemical properties of its element. |
| Element | A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions. |
| Covalent Bond | Chemical bond between atoms formed by sharing a pair of valence electrons |
| Single covalent bond | Bond between atoms formed by sharing a single pair of valence electrons |
| Double covalent bond | Bond formed when atoms share two pairs of valence electrons |
| Triple covalent bond | Bond formed when atoms share three pairs of valence electrons |
| Electronegativity | Atom's ability to attract and hold electrons |
| Nonpolar covalent bond | Covalent bond formed by an equal sharing of electrons between atoms |
| Polar covalent bond | Covalent bond formed by an unequal sharing of electrons between atoms |
| Ion | Charged atom or molecule |
| Ionic bond | Bond formed by the electrostatic attraction after the complete transfer of an electron from a donor atom to an acceptor |
| nonpolar covalent bond | Electronegativities are the same or very similar |
| polar covalent bond | Electronegativities are somewhat different |
| ionic bond | Electronegativities are very different |
| pH scale | Scale used to measure degree of acidity. It ranges from 0 to 14. |