some math terms for praxis II test 0014
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| three types of critical thinking | deductive reasoning, inductive reasoning, adaptive reasoning
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| deductive reasoning | conclusions are made based on prior knowledge, facts and truth. A step-by-step process of drawing conclusion. Only valid and reliable when all the premises are true and each step follows the previous logically.
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| example of deductive reasoning | You have lived in CA all of your life and have experienced many earthquakes. One day you are in a store and the shelves begin to shake and the ground buckles. You reason that there is an earthquake occurring.
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| inductive reasoning | Process of reasoning based on observations (not proof). Drawing conclusions based upon observations to develop hypotheses.
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| example of inductive reasoning | You observe in an ice cream shop one summer day that bubble gum flavored ice cream is ordered by children. You reason that children exclusively order bubble gum ice cream.
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| adaptive reasoning | The ability to justify strategies and to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of solutions proposed by others.
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| problem analysis | the ability to apply and adapt a variety of mathematical strategies to solve problems
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| five and ten anchors | useful relationships to know as 10 plays a large role in the numeration system
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| part-part-whole | learn to recognize that a number is made up of two or more parts, as this will help students construct and deconstruct process numbers
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| lowest common multiple (LCM) | the number that is a multiple of each of the two numbers being compared and is lower than all other multiples
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| educational supports that calculators provide | support counting (skip counting), promote basic fact memorization, aid learning of place value, assist in computation, show reasonableness of answers
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| Two requirements of a function (in a function machine) | 1. Consistency (every time the same input is plugged in, the same output is received), 2. one output (each input will produce only one possible output)
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| pattern recognition skills | finding, describing, explaining and predicting
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| chevron | a V
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| undecagon | 11 sided polygon
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| dodecogon | 12 sided polygon
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| tetrahedron | a 4 faced polyhedron
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| octahedron | an 8 face polyhedron
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| dodecahedron | a 12 faced polyhedron
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| icosahedron | an 18 faced polyhedron
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| translation | when a shape moves by sliding to another area of the plane
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| geometrical net | when a 3D shape is broken down to a 2D diagram
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| hectometer | 100 meters
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| dekameter | 10 meters
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| complimentary angle | when two angles are measured and the sum of their degrees is equal to 90
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| supplementary angles | 2 angles whose sum is 180
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