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Pharmacology..!

Exam 1

QuestionAnswer
EUPNEA Normal, quiet breathing within normal
APNEA No Breathing
HYPOXIA Low arterial oxygen
DYSPNEA Shortness of breath
BRADYPNEA Abnormally slow breathing
TACHYPNEA Abnormally rapid breathing
TACHYCARDIA Pulse rate >100
BRADYCARDIA Pulse rate <60
ORTOSTATIC HYPOTENSION Blood pressure changes with body position
HYPOTENSION Systolic pressure <90
SYSTOLIC LV Peak of contraction
DIASTOLIC LV Relaxation
PHARMACOKINETICS What the body does to the drugs.
PHARMACODYNAMICS What the drugs does to the body.
ENTERAL Anything that is swallowed, anything on Digestive system. 30-45mins
PARENTERAL Around the digestive system, bypassing it (IV). Immediate
SUBCUTANEOUS Under the skin. 15-20mins
INTRAMUSCULAR Into muscle.10-15mins
TOPICAL Transdermal- sytemic sublingual. 10-20mins. On burns = immediate.
First pass effect Metabolize after the med reaches the liver.
Distribution Drug transported through bloodstream to site of action
Drug/Drug interaction may be done purposefully to help the other drugs.
Biotransformation (Metabolism) In liver, changed to usable form, excreted
Half-time How long stays in the system.
Duration How long therapeutic effect
Onset when therapeutic effect begins
Receptor interaction Drug molecule joins reactive site on cell or tissue.
Enzyme reaction Estimulates or blocks enzymatic reactions
Nonspecific interactions Involved with cell wall prod. or destruction.
Agonist A med that causes a reaction/effect
Antagonist works against the reaction/ effect.
pharmacotherapeutics finding out why we are giving this med.
Acute Need meds now
maintenance maintain status quo.
supplemental supplement missing components.
palliative provides comfort in terminal process
supportive doesnt treat cause, supports body functions
prophylactic prevents disease
therapeutic index making sure that the drugs levels are within the therapeutic range and not too or too little.
Peak right after meds are administered
trough right before the drugs are administered
Tolerance needs more dosage of the same drug to get to the same effect as before.
dependence become addictive to it. no drug/withdrawal
pharmacognosy the study of medications from natural sources. plants and animals.
Generic name given by USAN council (us adopted game)
trade name the manufacturers name
Controlled substances act 1970 5 different classes
CLASS 1 Drugs that have no defiable med. value. Heroin n Weed
CLASS 2 High rate dependence. codeine, meperidine
CLASS 3 Moderate rate of dependence. hydrocodone
CLASS 4 Value/low lvl. diazepam
CLASS 5 Even lower potential for abuse. Meds for cough and diahrrea.
Intrathecal injected into the CSF
IM intramuscular
Epidural injected just outside the dura matter. treats meningitis, cancer, encephalitis.
Gate control theory impulses from damage tissues, sensed in brain, interpreted as pain.
Acute Pain Pain experiencing now. <2months
Chronic Pain >3months. pain stays more than 3 months
Pain control important to patient joint. the most common complain
Narcotics analgesics strongest pain reliever, binds to receptors in cns, pt will need assistance with breathing.
Narcotic drugs come from... Opium, poppie flower. by smoking or eating it can get analgesics effects right away.
Non-narcotic It doesnt come from the opium flower.
Tylenol can cause liver failure
Aspirin GI bleeding,nausea.
BENZODIAZEPINES Depresses cns, types usually end in -PAM. Therapeutic affect: calm, relax, sleep. Side effects: drowsiness, safe, respiratory depression, may stop breathing.
Created by: 630460564
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