Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
AP Psych 2
Key People
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| he was a british naturalist whose controversial and groundbreaking theory of evolution had a significant influence on early development of psychology | charles darwin |
| a German scientist who established the first psychology research laboratory; pioneererd a research method called introspection in which subjects reported detailed descriptions of their own conscious mental experiences | wilhelm wundt |
| played a key role in establishing psychology in the U.S.; emphasized studying the purpose, or function, of behavior and mental experiences; creator of functionalism; was apart of the James-Lange theory | william james |
| after studying under William James, he established America's first psychology laboratory; first president of the AMerican Psychological Association | G. Stanley Hall |
| studied under William James; she established a psychological laboratory at Wellesley College and served as the first elected female president of American Psychological Association | Mary Whiton Calkins |
| she holds the distinction of being the first American woman to be awared a Ph.D in psychology; best known for experimental work in animal behavior | margaret floy washburn |
| ranks as one of hte most influential thinkers of 20th century; founded psychoanalytic school of psychological thought and developed a theory of personality that emphasized the role of unconscious conflicts in determing behavior and psychological disorders | sigmund freud |
| an American psychologist who departed from Wundt and the early psychologists by emphasizing the study of observable behavior rather than the study of subjective mental processes; founder of behaviorism | John b. Watson |
| discovered that the speech production center of the brain is located in an area of the lower left frontal lobe; the area is named after him; revolutionized understanding of speech production | paul broca |
| discovered that damage to an area on the left temporal lobe causes deficits in language comprehension; area named after him | Carl Wernicke |
| known for pioneering research with split-brain patients; showed right and left hemispheres have specialized functoins | roger sperry |
| continued roger sperry's research by advancing understanding of how the two cerebral hemispheres communicate with one another | michael gazzaniga |
| discovered the just noticeable difference and his law that states for each sense, the size of the just noticeable difference will vary depending on its relation to the strenght of the orignial stimulus | ernst heinrich weber |
| demonstrated that mental processes can be measured | gustav fechner |
| research on feature detectors helped demonstrate the presence of specialized neurons in the occipatal lobe's visual cortex that have the ability to respond to specific features of an image | david hubel |
| collaborated with david hubel; joint work expanded the scientific knowledge of sensory processing and perceptoin | torsten wiesel |
| renowned for research on hypnosis and pain control; theorized that a hypnotized person experiences a special state of dissociation or divided consciousness | ernest hilgard |
| designed experiments to studying and formulating the principles of classical learning; classical conditioning | ivan pavlov |
| pioneering research on taste aversion | john garcia |
| experiments refined Pavlov's principle that classical conditioning occurs simply because two stimuli are closely associated in time | robert rescorla |
| conducted the first systematic investigations of animal behavior; famous law of effect states that responses followed by a satisfying outcome are more likely to be repeated, while responses followed by unpleasant outcomse are less likely to be repeated | edward L. Thorndike |
| insisted that psychologists should focus on observable behavior that could be objectively measured and verified; operant conditioning pioneer | B.F. Skinner |
| conducted experiment that showed rats used prior learning of maze to find food placed at end; concluded that learning involves the acquisition and use of knowledge rather than simply conditioned changes in outward behavior | Edward Tolman |
| believed that behaviorists underestimated animals' cognitive processes and abilities; found idea of sudden understanding of a problem called insight | wolfgang kohler |
| known for famous "bobo doll" experiments illustrating the role of modeling in human behavior; contends that observational learning is responsible for most human behavior | albert bandura |
| presented evidence that the capacity of short-term memory is limited to seven items of information | george a. Miller |
| researched forgetting; made forgetting curve | hermann ebbinghaus |
| one of most influential, and controversial, congnitive psychologists; her research on misinformation effect | elizabeth loftus |
| linguist who argues that young children possess an innate capacity to learn and produce speech; created language acquisition device | noam chomsky |
| considered founder of humanistic approach to psychology; focused on what constituted positive mental health; created hierarchy of needs | Abraham Maslow |
| made two-factor theory of emotions | stanley schachter |
| best known for study of stress; created three-stage general adaptation syndrome | hans selye |
| renowned for pioneering research on humans sexuality | alfred kinsey |
| developmental psychologist who devised a research procedure called the Strange Situation to observe attachment relationships | mary ainsworth |
| developmental psychologist who conducted a series of experiments on rhesus monkeys; gave one metal and one cloth monkey to show how physical touch of a parent plays a key role in developing a healthy physical growth | harry harlow |
| founder of ethology, comparative study of animal behavior and their natural surroundings | konrad lorenz |
| theories of cognitive development; focused on rational, perceiving child who has the capacity to make sense of the world; created stage theory | jean piaget |
| placed emphasis on how culture and social interactions with parents and others influence a child's cognitive development | lev vygotsky |
| best known for her work on parenting styles | diana baumrind |
| created theory of social development; eight psychosocial stage of development | erik erikson |
| use hypothetical moral dilemmas to study moral reasoning | lawrence kohlberg |
| she argued that the participants in kohlberg's basic study were all male | carol gilligan |
| he was neo-freudian; pioneered use of psychiatry in both social work and early childhood education | alfred adler |
| a neo-freudian; developed the concept of collective unconsciousness | carl jung |
| rejected freud's pessimistic view of human nature; offered optimistic view that people are innately good and said self-concept in cornerstone of person's personality | carl rogers |
| personality theorists known for their work in developing the five-factor model of personality; "big five model" | paul costa and robert mccrae |
| developed the statistical concept of correlation and was first to determine that the 'normal distribution' could be applied to intelligence | francis galton |
| proposed that intelligence is a single, underlying factor which he termed general intelligense or the g factor | charles spearman |
| best known for triarchic theory of intelligence | robert sternberg |
| known for theory of multiple intelligences | howard gardner |
| invented the first usable intelligence test; made distinction between child's mental and chronological ages | alfred binet |
| pioneer in educational psychology who is known for inveting the stanford-binet IQ test; also conducted longitudinal study of gifted children | lewis terman |
| developed a series of used intelligence tests; determined how far a person's score deviates from a bell-shaped normal distribution of scores to calculate IQ | david wechsler |
| documented the deplorable conditions of how states cared for their insane poor | dorothea dix |
| developed principles and procedures of rational-emotive therapy | albert ellis |
| regarded as father of cognitive therapy | aaron beck |
| conducted research in applying behavioral techniques to therapy; called mother of behavior therapy | mary cover jones |
| mary cover jones inspired him; perfected a technique for treating anxiety-producing phobias that he named systematic desensitization | joseph wolpe |
| known for formulating the theory of cognitive dissonance | leon festinger |
| known for stanford prison experiment | philip zimbardo |
| pioneer in developing social psychology as an academic discipline; study of conformity showed social pressures | soloman asch |
| study of obedience of authority; demonstrated citizens were willing to obey an authority figure who instructed them to give electric shocks | stanley milgram |
Created by:
kp1793
Popular Standardized Tests sets