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CPHQ-1-PI Tools
Brief Description of PI Tools
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Ishikawa diagram | displays cause and effect for contributing causes |
Gantt chart | timeline project management tool |
Poka yoke | mistake proofing |
Kanban method | lean tool for inventory management |
Kanban method | visual of workflow in order to balance demand w/ capacity & see bottlenecks |
fishbone | Ishikawa diagram |
gap analysis | evaluation between current state and future state |
frequency distribution | used to summarize data into categories |
control chart | tool used to monitor data over time & visualize process variation |
Lean | improvement process which targets elimination of waste |
DMAIC | improvement process which targets eliminating variation |
flow chart | visual of process steps in sequential order |
scatter plot | visual of the relationship between 2 variables |
Pareto chart | helps to prioritize (bars in descending order with a line graph of the cumulative totals) |
run chart | line graph to display data over time; no control limits |
force field analysis | lists forces for and against a proposed change |
mean | average |
median | midpoint of a ranked order set of data |
mode | most frequently observed value(s) |
affinity diagram | used to organize a lot of ideas into clustered groups of like items |
measures of central tendency | mean, median, mode |
measures of variability | standard deviation, range, variance |
FMEA | preventive tool that evaluates processes/equipment for issues in relation to the likelihood of severity, occurrence, and detection |
Phases of DMAIC | Define - Measure - Analyze - Improve - Control |
range | difference between the largest and smallest values in a data set |
standard deviation | average of the deviations from the mean |
Matrix Diagram | Permits a team to methodically discover and analyze the relationships between 2 or more sets of information. A rating system is used. This visual tool helps a team to reach consensus by providing structure for decision making. |
Regression Analysis | Statistical procedure to 'predict outcomes' based on how individual variables interact (jointly & individually) with the process being measured |
Multiple Regression Analysis | Exercise that estimates the effects of 2 or more independent variables (x) on a dependent measure (y) |
Nominal Group Technique | Group decision-making process for generating many ideas in which each member initially works by him/herself. Also known as brainwriting. |
Plan-Do-Check-Act | Four-step process designed to continuously improve quality; originally conceived by Shewart |
Plan-Do-Study-Act | Later adaptation by Deming of the Plan-Do-Check-Act; also referred to as the Deming Cycle or the Deming Wheel |
Prioritization Matrix | Tools that organizes tasks, issues, or actions and prioritizes them based on agreed-upon criteria. Often displayed in the L-shaped diagram format. |
SBAR | Evidence-based standardized communication tool; acronym for Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation |
Six Sigma | Improvement methodology that uses statistical analysis & other methods to ELIMINATE DEFECTS and REDUCE VARIATION |
Spaghetti Diagram | Layout diagram; graphic representation of the flow of traffic or movement. |
SIPOC | Supplier-Input-Process-Output-Customer … tool used early to provide a broad overview of a process. It identifies key drivers of a process. |
Tree Diagram | Method that maps out the full range of paths and tasks that are involved in a process; often used in the RCA process to visually display all the causes/process failures related to a specific issue; resembles an organizational chart in appearance. |