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AP Gov Chapter 19

Chapter 19 Vocabulary Terms

TermDefinition
Isolationism A national policy of avoiding participation in foreign affairs
Unilateralism A national policy of acting without consulting others
Moralism The policy of emphasizing morality in foreign affairs
Pragmatism The policy of taking advantage of a situation for national gain.
Embargo Act Passed by Congress in 1807 to prevent U.S ships from leaving U.S ports for foreign ports without the approval of the federal government
Monroe Doctrine President James Monroe’s 1823 pledge that the United States would oppose attempts by European states to extend their political control into the Western Hemisphere.
Tariffs Taxes on imports used to raise government revenue and to protect infant industries
Manifest Destiny Theory that the United States was divinely mandated to expand across North America to the Pacific Ocean.
Roosevelt Corollary Concept developed by President Theodore Roosevelt early in the twentieth century that it was the U.S responsibility to assure stability in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Collective Security The concept that peace would be secured if all countries collectively opposed any country that invaded another.
League of Nations Created in the peace treaty that ended WWI, it was an international governmental organization dedicated to preserving peace.
Pearl Harbor Naval base in Hawaii attacked by Japan on December 7, 1941, initiating U.S Entry into World War 2.
United Nations An international governmental organization created shortly before the end of World War II, to guarantee the security of nations and to promote global economic, physical and social well-being.
International Governmental Organization (IGO) An organization created by the governments of at least two and often many countries that operates internationally with the objectives of achieving the purposes that the member countries agree upon.
Bretton Woods Agreement International financial agreement signed shortly before the end of World War 2 to stabilize international financial relations through fixed monetary exchange rates.
International Monetary Fund (IMF) International governmental organization created shortly before the end of World War 2 to stabilize international financial relations through fixed monetary exchange rates.
World Bank International Governmental Organization created shortly before the end of World War 2 to provide loans for large economic development projects.
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Devised shortly after World War 2 as an interim agreement until a World Trade Organization could be created to help lower tariffs and increase trade.
Multilateralism The U.S foreign policy that actions should be taken in cooperation with other states after consultation.
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