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AP Gov Chapter 12
Chapter 12 Vocab Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Political Party | an organized effort by office holders, candidates, activities, and voters to pursue their common interests by gaining and exercising power through the electoral process |
| Governmental Party | The office holders who organize themselves and pursue policy objectives under a party label |
| Organizational Party | The workers and activists who make up the party’s formal organization structure |
| Party in the Electorate | The voters who consider themselves allied or associated with the party |
| Machine | A party organization that recruits voter loyalty with tangible incentives and is characterized by a high degree of control over member activity |
| Direct Primary | The selection of party candidates through the ballots of qualified voters rather than at a party nominating conventions |
| Civil Service Laws | These acts removed the staffing of the bureaucracy from the political parties and created a professional bureaucracy filled through competition |
| Issue-Oriented Politics | Politics that focus on specific issues rather than on party, candidate, or other loyalties |
| Ticket- Split | To vote for candidates of different parties for various offices in the same election |
| Candidate- Centered Politics | Politics that focuses directly on the candidates, their particular issues, and character, rather than on party affiliation |
| Party Realignment | A shifting of party coalition groupings in the electorate that remains in place for several elections |
| Critical Election | An election that signals a party realignment through voter polarization around new issues |
| Secular Realignment | The gradual rearrangement of party coalitions, based more on demographic shifts than on shocks to the political system |
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