Pulmonary Med Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
Glucocorticoids | Vancenase, Flonase, Nasonex, Nasocort & Pulmicort |
Leukotriene Modifiers | Singulair & Zyflo |
Methylxanthines | theophylline |
Beta 2 Adrenergic Agents | Xopenex, Albuterol, Serevent, Advair |
Oral Anti-histamines | Benadryl, Tavist, Chlor-trimeton, Claritin, Zyrtec, Allegra, Clarinex |
Decongestants | Sudafed, Dristan, Neo-synephrine |
Anticholinergic | Spiriva & Atrovent |
Coughing | Codeine, Dextromethopan, Mucinex & Mucomyst |
Antifungal | Amphotericin B, Azoles (Diflucan, Sporanox, Vfend |
Antimetabolites | Trimethoprim & Sulfonamides |
Penicillins | Pipracil, Zolsyn, Augmentin, Penicillin G |
Cephalosporins | Maxipime, Rocephine, Cefzil, Cefazolin |
Carbapenems | Primaxin |
Tetracyclines | Doxycycline & Tetracycline |
Macrolides | Biaxin & Zithromax |
Aminoglycosides | Gentamycin |
Fluoroquinolones | Cipro & Levaquin |
Azoles | Diflucan, Vfend, Sporanox |
TB Meds | INH, Rifadin, PZA & myambutol |
Chemo Agents | Taxol & Paraplatin |
Vancenase, Pulmicort, Flovent/Flonase, Nasonex, Nasocort | Most effective antiasthma drug. S/E: with chronic use: adrenal suppression, bone loss, oropharyngeal candidiasis & dysphonia, hyperglycemia, displacement of fatty tissue, decreased healing |
Nasonex & Nasocort | Intranasal. S/E: drying of nasal mucosa, burning/itching, sore throat, epistaxis, not as effective if nasal congestion is present |
Zyflo | blocks leukotriene synthesis; used for adults and kids >12; hepatotoxic, monitor ALT, competes with theophylline, coumadin |
Singulair | Leukotriene receptor blocker; used prophylactically & maintenance; prevention of exercise induced bronchospasm; relief of allergic rhinitis; not immediate or hepatotoxic |
NasalCrom (Intranasal), Intal (Inhalation) | Effective for seasonal allergy attacks, and exercised induced bronchospasm, give 15 min before. Decreases bronchial inflammation, not a bronchodilator. Used prophylactically, not quick relief, no systemic effects, can be used instead of steroids |
Theophylline | causes bronchodilation; narrow therapeutic range. Given PO. Wide variations in metabolic rates = therapeutic is 5-15, levels 20-25 cause nausea, vomiting, restlessness; >30 dysrhythmias (Vfib) and seizures. Avoid w/ caffeine. Not commonly used |
Albuterol & Xopenx (short acting Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist) | Given inhalation, immediate effect, peaks 30-60 mins, persist for 3-5 hrs. If used for exercise induced bronchospasm take 15 min before. S/E: increase HR, agina, tremor |
Serevent (long acting Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist) | Given PO or inhalation q12 hrs; not first choice for attack, not to be used alone - use w/ steroid. Onset begins 10-30 minutes |
Advair | Combo Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist |
Chlor-Trimeton, Benadryl, Tavist (1st Generation oral antihistamines) | Relieves rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal itching, but NOT congestion. Take on a regular basis. S/E: sedation, dry mouth, urinary hesitancy, constipation due to anticholinergic effects |
Zyrtec, Allegra, Claritin, Clarinex (2nd Generation oral antihistamines) | Relieves rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal itching but not congestion. Take on a regular basis. S/E: few, NO SEDATION |
Neosynephrine, Sudafed, Dristan (Decongestants) | Decrease nasal congestion by vasoconstricting, shrinks swollen membranes. Used for allergic rhinitis to relieve stuffiness. S/E: rebound congestion, limit 3-5 day use, CNS excitation, restless, anxiety, watch cardiac patients |
Sudafed | Can be converted to methamphetamine, must be kept behind counter |
Atrovent | Onset 30 seconds, max 3 min. Lasts up to 6 hrs. S/E: dry mouth, irritation of pharynx, avoid if peanut allergy |
Spiriva | Long acting, onset 30 minutes, peak 3 hrs, lasts 24 hrs. Given 1x daily. S/E: dry mouth, DPI, additive benefits w/ Beta 2 |
Codeine | Decreases frequency/intensity of cough; low dose, 1/10 of dose used for pain; potential for abuse |
Dextromethophan | Non-opiod antitussive; taken at high doses can cause euphoria |
Mucomyst | Given by inhalation; watch for bronchospasm, contains sulfur |
Mucinex & Mucomyst | Expectorant stimulates flow of respiratory secretions, mucolytics breaks up mucus |
Penicillin G | active against most gram + bacteria, most gram - are resistant. Given IM or IV, intra arterial injection can produce severe reactions (gangrene, necrosis) must AVOID |
Pipracil | Broad spectrum, given IV, decrease dosing for impaired renal function. |
Zosyn | Contains tazobactam which is a beta lactamase inhibitor (prevents the bacteria's beta lactase enzyme from breaking down the antibiotic which is piperacillin) |
Augmentin | May be given orally; S/E: rash & diarrhea. Clavulanate is a beta lactamse inhibitor protecting the amoxocillin from the bacteria's beta lactamase enzymes |
Cefazolin | Destroyed by beta lactamase enzymes; used for gram +. Binds to PCN binding proteins; has a beta lactam ring, bactericidal; most effective against bacteria undergoing cell division and growth. Given IV/IM |
Cefzil & Ceftin | Less sensitive to beta lactamase enzymes. Does not reach CSF. Used for active infection; prophylactically w/ surgical patients |
Rocephin & Maxipime | Highly resistant to beta lactamases. Reserved for active infections, strong antibiotics "BIG GUNS" |
Cephalosporins | S/E: hypersensitivity reactions. Rash for several days after onset of use, risk for bleeding (interferes w/ Vit K metabolism), thrombophlebitis. Usually given IV/IM - eliminated by kidneys |
Rocephin | Do not mix w/ calcium containing IVF/IVPB |
Primaxin | Very broad spectrum, beta lactamase antibiotic given IV only. Binds to PCN binding proteins, resistant to many beta lactamases; penetrates gram - outer membrane. Penetrates CSF, elimination by renela. S/E: N/V, diarrhea, hypersensitivity |
Vancomycin | Should be reserved for serious infections (CDIFF, MRSA, allergy to PCN). S/E: nephrotoxic, ototoxic (ringing in ears, hearing loss). Rapid infusion may cause "Red man syndrome". Do peaks & troughs |
Azactam | Contains beta lactam ring. Binds to PCN binding proteins, NOT effective against anaerobes or gram + bacteria. S/E: pain & thrombophlebitis at injection site. Treats gram - aerobic bacteria. Given IM/IV |
Tetracycline | Take on empty stomach, eliminated by kidneys, avoid w/ renal failure. Take w/ full glass of water, use straw/avoid contact w/ teeth. Treats: chlamydia, lymes diase, h pylori, acne |
Doxycycline | Can take w/ food, eliminated by liver, OK to use w/ renal failure. S/E: discolors teeth. Treats: chlamydia, lyme's disease, h pylori, acne |
Biaxin | Used for resp tract infections, h pylori, pertusis, whooping cough, diptheria, chlamydia, some pneumonia. S/E: GI Upset, QT prolongation |
Zithromax | Treats respiratory infections, chlamydia, pertusis, whooping cough, diptheria, chlamydia, some pneumonia. Absorption increases w/ food. |
Cleocin | Used for severe Group A strep infections. S/E: pseudomembranous colitis, CDIFF (profuse watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, leukocytosis, stools positive for mucus and blood) |
Zyvox | Used for VRE, MRSA, gram + bacteria. S/E: myelosuppression AKA decreases WBC, RBC, platelet |
Gentamycin | Used for Aerobic gram - bacilli, cannot kill anaerobes, need O2 to transport medication across membrane. Given IV only, may give PO for bowel infection only. S/E: ototoxic, nephrotoxic, monitor peaks & troughs |
Cipro & Levaquin | Used for respiratory, urinary, GI, bone, joints, skin & soft tissue infections. S/E: tendon (achilles) rupture, GI upset, candida of pharynx and vagina. CNS - dizziness, confusion. Absorption decreases w/ Al, Mg, Fe, Ca, dairy |
Flagyl | Used for CDIFF, abdominal and vaginal surgery, h pylori. S/E: metallic taste, darkening of urine, nausea, headache, dry mouth. Avoid alcohol, may need to decrease alcohol |
Amphotericin B | Active against broad spectrum fungi. Premedicate w/ Benadryl & tylenol, corticosteroids. Renal impairment occurs in almost all patients; avoid other nephrotoxic drugs, bone marrow suppression. BIG, DANGEROUS DRUG |
Sporanox | Take with food, do not take w/ antacids. Broad spectrum anti-fungal |
Diflucan, Vfend, Sporanox | Broad spectrum anti-fungals. Given PO. Used for blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, candidiasis. S/E: cardiosuppression and liver injury |
Cancidas | Used for aspergillus or candida only. Given IV. S/E: phlebitis. Better tolerated than Ampho B |
INH | Bactericidal to actively dividing organisms. Must be taken for 6 mos prefer 9. S/E: liver damage, peripheral neuropathy due to lowered vit B6 |
Rifadin | Bactericidal to TB. Take on empty stomach. S/E: Red,orange discoloration of urine, sweat, tears, saliva |
PZA | Bactericiidal to TB, hepatotoxic, increases uric acid |
Myambutol | Bacteriostatic, used to treat TB resistant to INH or Rifadin. S/E: optic neuritis (blurred vision, constriction of visual field, changes to color discrimination), inhibits uric acid excretion |
Zovirax | Active only against herpes virus family (chicken pox, herpes, shingles). |
Paraplatin | Used for small cell lung cancer. S/E: bone marrow suppression, nausea, vomiting. Nephrotoxic, watch for hearing loss |
Taxol | Used for non small cell lung cancer. S/E: severe hypersensitivity infusion, bone marrow suppression, alopecia, bradycardia. Premedicate w/ Benadryl/corticosteroids. |
Created by:
kristyd02
Popular Nursing sets