68wm6 p2 Com Neu Dis Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
What is Cephalalgia? | Headache |
What are the contributing factors to migrains? | *Emotional stress *Excess carbohydrates *Iodine rich foods *Alcohol *Chemical additives *Fatigue |
What are episodic headaches lasting 30 minutes to 2 hours occuring in groups? | Cluster headaches |
How often do cluster headaches occur? | Occur over a 6 to 8 weeks period after onset with 2 to 10 headaches per day on one side of the head |
How much time elapses between onset and reaching maximum pain in PTs with cluster headaches? | "Very little time between onset and maximum pain" |
What are the most common headaches? | Tension (90% of all headaches) |
Rapid reduction of intracranial pressure by lumbar puncture may result in what? | Herniation |
When is a lumbar puncture done in diagnosis of cause of extreme headaches? | In the absence of a brain tumor or increased ICP (CT scan must be done 1st) |
Why should ETOH (alchohol) be avoided in people with chronic headaches? | it may become addictive and can trigger cluster headaches |
List 4 comfort measures that can be provided for headache relief: | *Cold/warm packs *Pressure applied to the temporal arteries *Stimuli reduction *Provide for rest and relaxation *Encourage regular physical exercise *Cluster care to allow adequate rest periods |
What medication is given in Tx of vascular headaches for vascular control? | Ergot derivatives (dihyroergotamine and ergotamine) |
What is the action of Ergot derivatives (dihyroergotamine and ergotamine)? | directly stimulate alpha-adrenergic and serotonin receptor, producing vascular smooth muscle vasoconstriction |
What are Ergot derivatives (dihyroergotamine and ergotamine) commonly given in combination with? | Caffeine, phenobarbital and belladonna |
Why are vascular headache suppressants contraindicated in pregnant women? | causes contractions of the uterine smooth muscle |
What migrain medication should NOT be used in conjunction with ergot derivitaves? | Zolmitriptan (Zomig) |
What drug types are given in Tx of migraines? | *Serotonin receptor agonists ('Triptans') *Beta-Blockers ('Olols') *Opiates/derivitives |
When is medication for migraines administered? | At first sign of headache, and only during headache |
What is neurological pain? | Transmission of pain impulses due to a disorder within the nervous system |
What is Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)? | Tx in which electrodes are used to modify sensory input and change pain sensation in PTs with neurological pain |
What is spinal cord stimulation (TENS)? | Tx in which electrodes are used to modify sensory input and change pain sensation in PTs with neurological pain |
How long can the effects of a nerve block last? | months to years |
What is a neurectomy? | nerve excision |
What is a Rhizotomy? | Cut of a spinal nerve root |
What is a Cordotomy? | Cutting a nerve in the spinal cord |
What is a Percutaneous Cordotomy? | Destruction of a nerve bundle by means of an electric current |
What is the MOST important nursing intervention for PTs with neurological pain? | Patient Teaching |
What life sustaining mechanisms become impaired in PTs with ICP? | *Decreased LOC *BP (systolic increase as body attempts to increase profusion to brain—eventually ends in hypotension) *HR - Bradycardia *Temperature regulation |
What is the early sign of increasing ICP? | LOC |
What are the pupillary changes in a PT with ICP? | *Size changes occur on same side as lesion *Progresses from constriction to dilation |
What causes the pupillary changes from ICP? | *Results from loss of parasympathetic input from the CN III *Terminal stage is dilated, fixed pupils due to compression of CN III |
What is cushings syndrome? | A widened pulse pressure (120/60 -> 160/60), increased systolic BP and bradycardia |
What regulates the temperature in the brain, and when it is in dysfunction due to ICP what happens to the PTs temperature? | Hypothalamus, Increases |
When is papilledema a first sign of ICP? | If ICP elevated gradually |
Who generally first finds papilledema? | Physician upon exam |
In a PT with ICP, where is the ventricular catheter placed? | Placed on non-dominant side, anterior horn of lateral ventricle (allows for drainage of CSF to decompress brain) |
What are the injuries secondary to ICP? | neuronal ischemia and/or hypoxia |
What is the hyperosmotic agent used in Tx of ICP? | IV Mannitol |
When does the effect of mannitol begin and how long does it last? | 15 minutes, 5-6 hours |
What is a craniotomy? | bone flap removed and replaced |
What is a craniectomy? | bone flap removed and not replaced (often used in trauma to allow brain to swell out of hole) |
How must the bed of a PT with/recovering from ICP be placed? | HOB elevated 30-45 degrees |
The PT with ICP shows polyuria. What condition that can be caused by cerebral edema from ICP would you suspect? | Diabetes Insipidus |
What is an Electromyogram? | Applying surface electrodes or inserting needle electrodes into a muscle to observe electrical activity |
How often should active/passive ROM excersizes be performed on a PT with motor function disturbances? | At least 3 times a day |
What is Proprioception? | Ability to know the body position without looking directly at it |
Foods containing what may instigate migraines? | *Tyramine *Nitrates *Glutamates (I.e MSG) |
What foods may instigate migraines? | *Vinegar *Chocolate *Cheese *Yogurt *Alchohol *Caffeine |
Created by:
Shanejqb
Popular Nursing sets