HSC Mod 2-Theories Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
A set of interrelated concepts, definitions, and propositions that present a systematic view of events or situations by specifying relations among variables in order to explain and predict events | Theory |
Purpose of a Theory | general explanation of why people act or do not act to maintain and promote the health of themselves, their families, organizations, and communities |
Why we use theories | -key to effective planning -helps us understand nature of targeted behavior (dynamics, processes of change, effects of external influences) -helps us identify the most suitable targets for change -facilitates evaluation -replicate successful programs |
Choice of theory depends on these 4 things | -nature of problem -setting -target audience (demographics) -program goals |
Describes interrelation between organisms and their environment | Ecology |
Social, institutional, and cultural contexts of people (environmental relations) | Social Ecology |
first 2 assumptions of Social Ecological Model | 1) health is influenced by multiple facets of physical & social environments 2) human environments are multidimensional & complex (physical v. social, proximal v. distal, objective v. subjective) |
last 2 assumptions of Social Ecological Model | 3)participants & environments should be studied at varying levels 4)people & environment transactions are characterized by cycles of mutual influence (reciprocal determinism) |
5 Phases/Levels of Social Ecological Model | 1) Intrapersonal 2) Interpersonal 3) Institutional Factors 4) Community Factors 5) Public Policy |
Level of SEM that includes an individual's personal attributes, knowledge, attitude, beliefs, experiences & values | Intrapersonal |
Level of SEM that includes formal and informal social network and social support systems (family, work, friends); and social support is conducive to health change | Interpersonal |
Level of SEM that includes social institutions with organizational characteristics and a corporate culture where employees feel that there is management support in health programs. | Institutional Factors |
Level of SEM that includes relationships among organizations, institutions, etc. A lot of linkage. | Community Factors |
Level of SEM that includes local, state, and national laws and policies | Public Policy |
Strengths of Transtheoretical Model | Behavior change takes TIME, change is INCREMENTAL, stage-matching of INTERVENTIONS |
6 Phases of Transtheoretical Model | Precontemplation Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance Termination |
Phase of TTM- no intention to take action, lack of awareness, defense mechanisms | Precontemplation |
Phase of TTM- person is aware of the pros and cons of making the change and informed decision making takes place. Ambivalence may occur | Contemplation |
Phase of TTM- person intends to take action within the next month. Plan of action is KEY. These people should be targets of action-oriented programs | Preparation |
Phase of TTM- person has made specific overt modifications of behavior within the past 6 months (only sufficient action counts), least help needed from health educator | Action |
Phase of TTM- efforts are being expended to prevent relapse and not a lot of new change is occurring. Self-efficacy and relapse prevention plans needed. | Maintenance |
Phase of TTM- no temptation to relapse and 100% self-efficacy. Main goal for addiction type programs and applies mostly to certain types of behavior. | Termination |
Process of Change- awareness occurs | Consciousness Raising |
Process of Change- experience emotions connected with unhealthy behavioral risks | Dramatic Relief |
Process of Change- cognitive and affective assessments of self image with and without the unhealthy habit | Self-Reevaluation |
Process of Change- cognitive and affective assessments of the relationships of the habit to one's social environment | Environmental Reevaluation |
Process of Change- belief that one can change and commitment to act on that belief | Self Liberation |
Process of Change- Social support (building psychosocial assets) | Helping Relationships |
Process of Change- learning healthier alternatives to unhealthy habits | Counterconditioning |
Process of Change- operant conditioning (punishment/incentives); consequences for taking steps in a particular disease | Contingency Management |
Process of Change- remove cues for unhealthy habits | Stimulus Control |
Process of Change- increasing social opportunities and alternatives especially for those otherwise deprived | Social Liberation |
Model used to predict what a person is going to do due to personal perceptions that guide behavior (these perceptions are usually inaccurate) | Health Belief Model |
Health Belief Model is effective with the preventive behavior is a ______ ______ action | Short term or "one shot" |
This component of the Health Behavior Model seems to have more predictive value than any other component | Benefits/Barriers |
Components of Health Belief Model (9) | 1) Perceived Susceptibility 2) Perceived Severity 3) Modifying Factors 4) Behavioral Intention 5) Cues to Action 6) Perceived Benefits 7) Perceived Barriers 8) Behavior 9) Self-efficacy |
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