BIO 182 Exam 1 Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
Write the name of the germ layer that is in contact with both the blastocoel and archenteron.	endoderm
An adult animal that possesses bilateral symmetry is most certainly also	triploblastic
What distinguishes a coelomate animal from a pseudocoelomate animal is that coelomates	have a body cavity completely lined by mesodermal tissue, whereas pseudocoelomates do not.
About how many extant animals species have been described?	1.3 million
An embryo with a cavity between mesoderm and endoderm would be considered	triloblastic pseudocoelomate
Members of which kingdom have cell walls and are all heterotrophic?	Fungi
A body cavity that forms entirely within mesoderm is a	coelom
An organism that must ingest food (high energy organic molecules) vs can make their own high energy organic molecules.	heterotroph
A blastula is	A hollow ball of many cells
An example of an animal or animal group with radial symmetry is	a cnidarian (e.g., jelly)
TRUE OR FALSE: Muscle and nerve cells are found ONLY in the animal kingdom.	True
TRUE OR FALSE: Animal cells do not have cell walls.	True
Members of which kingdom lack cell walls and are all heterotrophic?	animalia
Acoelomates are characterized by	a solid body without a cavity surrounding internal organs.
The blastopore is a structure that first becomes evident during	gastrulation
Write the name of the phylum that sponges are placed within.	Porifera
What are spicules made of?	calcium carbonate or silica
The opening where water exits the sponge.	osculum
TRUE OR FALSE: Sponges are invertebrate animals	True
Choanocytes perform what role?	trap suspended food particles in mucus; generate water currents with flagella (causing water to move into the sponge via ostia and to exit through the osculum)
Poriferans are	sessile, attached to a substrate
Organisms in the phylum Porifera are best described as	asymmetrical aquatic suspension feeders with pores that do not have true tissues or organs
The cavity inside a sponge is called the	Spongocel
Invertebrates are animals that	do not have a backbone
Coral reefs are important roles in our wellbeing. Which of the following are roles of coral reefs.	e: a, b, c a: are very species diverse and protect shorelines from the ocean b: store huge amount of carbon c: provide significant amounts of food
TRUE OR FALSE: All classes of Cnidarians have nematocysts?	True
The discharge of a nematocyst is sometimes described as being like	pulling a sock inside out
Which group of cnidarians secret a calcareous skeleton.	corals in the class Anthozoa
Write the name of the class that contains the jellies such as Aurelia.	Scyphozoa
An organelle within a cnidocyte cell that ejects a thread with venom. Write the name of the organelle.	nematocyst
Corals are most closely related to which group?	sea anemones
Write the name of class that contain hydras and Obelia.	Hydrozoa
Which of the following BEST describes a Cnidarian	diploblastic with radial symetry
Platyhelminths exchange gasses with the environment through which structure?	Their body surface
The sheep liver fluke adults reside in which part of the host?	bile ducts
If you were given a trematode from a human and had to guess its alternate host, what would be a good bet?	snail
How does the aquatic motile larval stage of the Schistosoma mansoni fluke get inside the human host?	its able to burrow through the skin
Tapeworms are in the phylum ____________. Write ONLY ONE WORD as your answer, the phylum name, ONLY the name and nothing else, no syntax such as periods.	Platyhelminthes
Flukes that are internal parasites of other animals evade the host immune system by	producing surface proteins that mimic their hosts
Check all that apply to the Platyhelminthes	acoelomate; dorsoventrally flattened; triploblastic
Write the name of the platyhelminth class which contains primarily free-living species. Write ONE WORD ONLY as your answer.	Turbellaria
TRUE OR FALSE: Most flatworms have a single opening to their digestive system which acts as both a mouth and anus.	True
Schistosoma mansoni causes which human disease.	Bilharzia
The digestive cavity that most flatworms have is called a ______________ cavity. Write ONE WORD ONLY as the answer, nothing else.	gastrovascular
TRUE OR FALSE: A mouth is located in the center of the scolex.	False
The phylum Platyhelminthes is commonly know as	The flatworms
Write down the scientific name of the sheep liver fluke. Write TWO WORDS ONLY as your answer. Separate the two words by a single space.	Fasciola hepatica
Which of he following indicate the higher metabolic needs or annelids over nematodes	well developed circulatory system
Write the full scientific name of the common earthworm. Write two words as your answer separated by a single space.	Lumbricus terrestris
Chaeta in annelids have several functions that include (check all that apply - remember, the functions may not apply to ALL annelids, but check the box if it applies to many).	to anchor the worm in its burrow; as a defense
I live in the soil thats rich in organic material. My body wall is relatively smooth and you can easily run your fingers along my dorsal side. What annelid class am I in? Write ONE word ONLY as your answer, spelled correctly.	Oligochaeta
I do not have any chaeta, and have serrated teeth like structures as mouthparts. What annelid group (common name) am I in? Write ONE word ONLY as your answer in its singular form, spelled correctly.	Leeches Leech
TRUE OR FALSE: Most annelids contain both male and female reproductive organs.	True
Chaeta are made of what substance?	Chitin
Where would you find the the double ventral nerve chords?	Ventral to the ventral blood vessel
Write the phylum name for annelids.	Annelida
What advance in complexity do annelids have over nematodes?	True segmenation well developed closed circulatory system A true coelomic cavity
TRUE OR FALSE: Nereis sp. would have many chaeta per body segment.	True
TRUE OR FALSE: The respiratory pigment in earthworms is iron-based and called hemoglobin.	True
Check all that apply to organisms in the phylum Annelida	Worms, closed circulatory system, segmented, coelomates, triploblastic
Nematophagous fungi are able to recognize nematodes because of what kind of molecule on the fungal cell surface?	lectins
Adult male giant intestinal roundworms of humans can be __________ in length.	150-300mm
Write the correct phylum name for the unsegmented roundworms. Write a single word spelled correctly with no other syntax like periods. HINT: phylum names start with a capital letter.	Nematoda
TRUE OR FALSE: Female Guinea worms can be 1000mm in length	True
With respect to embryonic germ layers, how would you describe the body plan of the nematodes	triploblastic
Think about how nematodes move. What muscle layer would you expect to be absent or reduced?	circular
TRUE OR FALSE: The vast majority of nematodes are free-living, not parasitic.	True
TRUE OR FALSE: Nematodes are hermaphrodite	False
Where would you expect to find Enterobius vermicularis, the pin worm?	The human gut
Check all that apply to nematodes	gas exchange over the body surface area; have an anus separate to the mouth; have an alimentary canal; usually reproduce sexually and have separate sexes
I use a syphon for propulsion and have arms with suckers, what class an I in? Write a single word as the answer, spelled correctly with no syntax like commas or periods.	Cephalopoda
The toxin found on the saliva of the blue-ringed octopus is produced by what?	symbiotic bacteria in the salivary glands
I use a muscular foot to grip and hold onto rocks and am protected by a single shell on top. What class am I in? Write a single word as the answer, spelled correctly with no syntax like commas or periods.	Gastropoda
The syphon is modified from which body part?	muscular foot
One solution oyster farmers are using to combat ocean acidification	Planting eel grass with the oyster farms
I have two shells held together by a hinge and adductor muscle, what class am I in? Write a single word as the answer, spelled correctly with no syntax like commas or periods.	Bivalvia
What is the name of the toxin found in the saliva of the blue-ringed octopus?	tetrodotoxin
Write the name of the structure found in the mouth of many molluscs used to shred the food and break into small parts. Write a single word as the answer, spelled correctly with no syntax like commas or periods.	Radula
Which class of molluscs are primarily carnivores?	Cephalopoda
Visceral mass	contains most of the soft organ systems of the body
Characteristic of the phylum Mollusca include which of the following?	visceral mass; unsegmented bodies; muscular foot; mantle
TRUE OR FALSE: For an arthropod to grow bigger it needs to molt into the next stage.	True
The structure in spiders used for gas exchange?	lung book
Spider silk is a	protein
Egg-nymph-adult goes with which development?	Incomplete metamorphosis
Insects have evolved many strategies to avoid being eaten. Some insects eat __________ plants and then the insect insect themselves become __________.	toxic \| distasteful
Bullet ants can inflict a painful _________ to defend themselves and their nest.	sting
Anopheles mosquitos are vectors of the worlds most serious disease. What is the name of that disease?	malaria
Which of the following is not in the class Arachnida?	mealworm
I am a voracious carnivore with one paid of legs per body segment. What class am I in?	Chilopoda
An arthropods evolved and changed over the last half billion years. The number of segments decreased and appendage specialization increased. What is likely the reasons behind these evolutionary changes.	Changes in HOX genes
Some millipedes can release cyanide. Why?	As a defence
Which kind of circulatory system to arthropods have?	Open
The name of the gas exchange organs in larger crustaceans.	Gills
What group of genes determine the overall body plan of arthropods?	HOX genes
Insects with prominent reds, orange or yellows is called ______________ coloration.	Aposematic
Crustaceans primarily live in which kind of habitat.	Aquatic
I'm a herbivore/detritivore and release quinones as a defense. What class am I in?	Diplopoda
Insects that have a juvenile stage that does not resemble the adult undergoes what type of development?	complete metamorphosis
The appendages that arachnids such as spiders use to capture prey.	pedipalps
The arthropod exoskeleton has which of the carbohydrates below?	Chitin
Bony fish have which of the following	swim bladder, operculum, endoskeleton of bone
A tunicate has a notochord, but the specimens we observed in lab did not appear to have a notochord. How do you explain this?	The notochord is present only during early embryonic development and is absent in the adult.
Cannabinoid receptors first appeared in which group of chordates?	Urochordata
A chytrid fungus is responsible for what?	declining amphibian populations
TRUE OR FALSE: Lampreys have true jaws.	False
The group of primates most distantly related to humans are the	Bush babies
Write the name of the group which was the first to be considered true craniates.	Myxini
Approximately how many vertebrate species are there?	52,000
An example of an endothermic amniote class is: (state the class name and use only one word as the answer).	Mammalia
The reptile and mammalian extra embryonic membrane that most closely surrounds the embryo is called the:	amnion
Protostome development differs to deuterstome development in the following ways:	A) Protostomes have spiral cleavage and deuterostomes have radial cleavage. C) Protostomes have determinate cleavage and deuterostomes have indeterminate cleavage.
Lampreys are a huge economic problem as they	feed on other fish that have economic value
The class Mammalia has which of the following characteristics?	1: Tetrapod 3: Endothermic 4: Hair 6: Mammary glands 7: Amniotic egg 8: 3 inner ear bones 9: Heterdont teeth
Defining characteristics of mammals (those that only mammals posses) include:	A) Mammary glands, which produce milk B) Hair E) Differentiated teeth – heterodont F) 3 inner ear bones
Chordates share which of these characteristics?	A) Notochord C) Pharyngeal slits or clefts E) Muscular, post-anal tail
Characteristics unique to the phylum Echinodermata are: HINT: Characteristics of the the PHYLUM!	A) Water vascular system B) Radial symmetry as adults, bilateral symmetry as larve C) Tube feet
Based on what you know about defense from predation in echinoderms, would you deduce that sea urchins produce toxins?	No, they use spins as a mechanical defense
TRUE OR FALSE: Echinoderms are herbivorous.	False
I can chew through and feed on the tough holdfast of kelp.	C) Echinoidea
What clue would leave you to conclude that sea cucumbers produce chemical toxins	They lack mechanical defenses like spines
I'm the least like the typical echinoderm as I have greatly reduced endoskeleton:	E) Holothuroidea
Crown of thorn sea stars are what kind of impact on a coral reef.	Beneficial as they help maintain high biodiversity Detrimental when in outbreak numbers as they destroy whole areas of reef
Write the name of the class of echinoderm that everts its stomach to feed on bivalves.	Asteroidea
TRUE OR FALSE: Echinoderms have a well developed brain.	False
Tube feet are part of which organ system in echinoderms?	Water vascular system
TRUE OR FALSE: Sea urchins graze kelp and other algae	True
Echinoderms gas exchange surface in adults is generally	skin gills and tube feet
Why would a structure such as a tube foot be a good gas exchange surface?	Large surface area relative to volume Thin and moist
Echinoderm larvae have what kind of symmetry?	Bilateral
Write the name of the class of echinoderm that has an Aristotle's lantern.	Echinoidea
Write the type of development whose early embryonic cell development is indeterminate.	Deuterostome
The blastopore develops into my anus.	Deuterostome
Check all that apply to deuterostomes	Indeterminate development Radial cleavage
What cleavage applies deuterostomes?	Radial cleavage
Check all that apply to protostomes	Determinate development Spiral cleavage
Protostome development differs to deuterstome development in the following ways:	A) Protostomes have spiral cleavage and deuterostomes have radial cleavage. C) Protostomes have determinate cleavage and deuterostomes have indeterminate cleavage.
TRUE OR FALSE: Chordates have embryonic stem cells capable of forming into an entire new individual.	True
TRUE OR FALSE: Annelids have embryonic stem cells capable of forming into an entire new worm.	False

Created by: johnnyharrod13

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