Radiation Safety Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
| Question | Answer |
| What percentage of public exposure to ionizing radiation is from medical sources? | 50% |
| Somatic effects of radiation refer to effects that are manifested...? | during the life of the exposed individual |
| Increase field size, while leaving technical factors unchanged will...? | increase the DAP |
| Diagnostic x-radiation are correctly described as...? | low energy, low LET |
| What are sources of secondary radiation? | leakage radiation and scattered radiation |
| Late-radiation-induced somatic effects include? | thyroid cancers, cataractogenesis, and genetic mutations |
| What effect does the quantity of ionizing radiation when delivered to a body over a long period of time? | will be less than if it were delivered all at one time |
| What is the most radiosensitive portion of the GI tract? | small bowel |
| What is the annual dose limit for occupationally exposed individuals valid for? | beta, x-, and gamma radiations |
| Patient dose during fluroscopy is affected by the..? | Distance between the patient and the input phosphor, amount of magnification, and tissue density |
| According to NRCP, the annual occupational dose-equivalent limit to the thyroid, skin, and extremities is..? | 500 msv |
| Aluminum filtration has its greatest effect on... | low energy x-ray photons |
| Early symptoms of acute radiation syndrome are...? | leukopenia, nausea, and vomiting |
| Who is protected by the bucky slot cover? | patient, fluroscopist, and technoligst |
| Most effective type of shield for anterior and lateral male gonadel protection during fluroscopy? | shaped contact (contour) |
| The SSD in mobile Fluroscopy must be..? | a minimum of 30 cm |
| What would result in the greatest skin dose? | Short SID |
| In the production of Breamsstahlung radiation...? | the incident electron is deflected, with resulting energy loss |
| What are filters used in radiographic x-ray tubes generally composed of? | aluminum |
| What is the purpose of filters in a film badge? | to measure radiation quality |
| Irradiation of macromolecules in vitro can result..? | cleaved chromosome, cross-linking, and mutation |
| LET | how much energy is deposited per unit length of track |
| OER | Enhancement of effect of radiation due to the presence of oxygen. Expressed as the ratio of radiation dose required to produce a given effect with no oxygen present to the dose required to produce the same effect in 1 atmosphere of air |
| RBE | Take into account tissue weighting factors in determining effect of ionizing radiation |
| NRCP | National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurments-- issues reports of guidelines needed to be followed |
| NRC | Nuclear Regulatory Commission- regulates nuclear power plants and other uses for nuclear materials |
| Target Theory | used to explain why some cells die vs. survive |
| Radiolysis | Radiation interaction with water |
| Fractionation | Equal doses of radiation delivered with time interval seperation |
| Protraction | Radiation dose delivered continuously but at a lower dose rate |
| Ten day Rule | Practice allowing of women of childbearing age to only be irriadiated for certain imaging exams in the 10 days following onset of menses, ACR dismissed. |
| Short term effects | Effects that appear in seconds, minutes, hours, days, or weeks following irridiation. |
| Examples of short term effects | Epilation, nausea, vomiting, erythema, fatigue. |
| Somatic Effects | Effects on the body including local (erythema) and general (long bone irridation=hematopoietic) |
| Long Term Effects | Effects that appear months or years after irradiation |
| Examples of Long term effects | Cancer, cataracts, life span shortening, genetic effects |
| Genetic Effects | Effects that are long term and affect the offspring of the organism irradiated. |
| Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau | Mitotic activity, maturity, and degree of specificity |
| Which ARS stage happens within hours of exposure? | Prodomal/ (initial) |
| Which ARS stage happens when symptoms disappear? | Latent |
| Which ARS stage happens when an Organism can live or die? | Recovery/Death |
| Linear Dose-Response | Response is proportional to dose |
| Nonlinear Dose-Response | Response is not proportional to dose |
| Threshold Dose Response | A dose must be received before a response can occur |
| Nonthreshold Dos Response | No safe dose- Even one photon can cause a response |
| Examples of acute radiation syndromes | Hematopoietic, Gastrointestinal, Central Nervous System |
| What are the two types of AEC's? | ionization chamber type and phototimer type |
| Occupancy factor | Refers to the amount of time the space beyond the barrier is occupied |
| Workload | Expressed in units of millampere seconds per week or milliampere minutes per week |
| Use factor | The percentage of time the primary beam is directed at a particular barrier |
| SI unit Air Kerma is what traditional unit? | Roentgen |
| SI unit for absorbed dose and Gray is what traditional unit? | rad |
| SI unit for effective dose and Sievert if what traditional unit? | rem |
| What is the newest and most accurate personal dosimeter? | OSL dosimeter |
| What are low-cost and convenient radiation monitors that processed monthly? | Film badges |
| What are more expensive and but more precise that film badges? | TLDs |
Created by:
Ekborchard93
Popular Radiology sets