Chapter 4 & 5 Word Scramble
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| Question | Answer |
| Energy has the ability to ___________ ? | cause change |
| What 2 factors determine how much kinetic energy an object has? | speed and mass |
| A glass sitting on the edge of a table is an example of what kind of energy? | potential or GPE |
| A ball rolling across the floor is an example of what kind of energy? | kinetic |
| Energy stored in chemical bonds is? | chemical potential energy |
| What two factors determine how much gravitational potential energy is in an object? | weight (mass x gravity) of the object and height above the ground |
| Energy in the form of motion is what kind of energy? | kinetic |
| What is the formula for calculating kinetic energy? | 1/2mv2 |
| What is the SI unit used to measure energy? | Joule |
| What is the abbreviation for Joules? | J |
| Energy stored in a motionless object | potential |
| Energy stored by things that stretch or compress is what kind of energy? | elastic potential energy |
| Energy stored in chemical bonds between atoms is what kind of energy? | chemical potential energy |
| Energy stored by things that are above Earth's surface is what kind of energy? | gravitational potential energy |
| What is the abbreviation for gravitational potential energy? | GPE |
| The amount of GPE an object has depends on what 3 things? | mass, the acceleration due to gravity, and its height above ground |
| What is the formula for calculating GPE? | mgh |
| What kind of energy does food provide for your body? | chemical potential energy |
| As energy transformation occur within a system, the total energy of the system must ________? | remain constant |
| During energy transformations, energy is never? | created or destroyed |
| A baseball is hit into the air with a bat. When does the baseball have the greatest gravitational potential energy? | when it reaches its highest point |
| The law of conservation of energy states that? | energy cannot be created or destroyed |
| In what units are food energy measured in? | calories |
| Both nuclear fusion and fission have what in common? | they convert mass into energy |
| By what process does the Sun produce enough energy to warm Earth? | nuclear fusion |
| Is friction a form of energy? | No |
| Is thermal a form of energy? | Yes |
| Is electrical a form of energy? | Yes |
| Is chemical a form of energy? | Yes |
| Why isn't all the chemical potential energy found in gasoline transformed into mechanical energy? | because of friction |
| What is it called with energy is changing from one form to another? | energy conversions |
| What form of energy does fuels store energy in? | chemical potential energy |
| The total amount of potential and kinetic energy in a system is called? | mechanical energy |
| Energy may change from one form to another, but the total amoung of energy never changes is called? | Law of Conservation of Energy |
| As a swing moves back and forth, its energy continually converts from kinetic to potential and back is an example of? | The Law of Conservation of Energy |
| Friction converts some of the mechanical energy into? | thermal energy |
| When two nuclei are fused together and takes place in the sun it is called? | nuclear fusion |
| Two nuclei are broken apart in? | nuclear fission |
| Energy from food that is stored in your body is used to fuel the processes that keep you alive is what kind of energy? | chemical potential energy |
| What is used to measure how much energy you get from various foods? | calorie |
| Is energy lost when a car burns gasoline? | No, energy is always conserved. When a car burns gasoline, that energy is changed to kinetic energy which makes the car move. |
| What is it called when the transfer of energy that occurs when a force makes an object move? | work |
| Picking up a stack of dishes from the table is an example of? | work |
| When work is done, there is always a ______ __ _______? | transer of energy |
| What is the rate at which work is done? | power |
| Power is measured in? | watts |
| A watt is equal to? | one joule per second |
| What do we call the transer of energy that occurs when a force makes an object move? | work |
| For work to occur, an object must? | move |
| The motion of the object must be in what direction as the applies force on the object? | the same direction |
| Energy is always ___________ from the object doing the work to the object on which the work is done. | transferred |
| Work is done on an object when a ______ is being applied to the object and the object moves. | force |
| When calculating work, work equal force (in newtons) times ______. | distance |
| The amount of work done in a certain amount of time is called? | power |
| A rate at which work is done is called? | power |
| To calculate power, power equal? | work divided by time |
| Power is measured in? | watts |
| How are energy and work related? | Energy is transferred from an object doing work to an object being worked on |
| The kinetic energy of an object increases as its _____ increases. | velocity |
| Increasing the speed of an object _____ its potential energy. | does not affect |
| The SI unit for energy is the? | Joule (J) |
| Does an upright piano make use of electrical energy? | No |
| Does a radio make use of electrical energy? | Yes |
| Does a toaster make use of electrical energy? | Yes |
| Does a digital camera make use of electrical energy? | Yes |
| A bus engine transfers chemical potential energy into _____ so that the bus moves. | kinetic energy |
| In a nuclear fusion reaction, mass is transformed into? | energy |
| According to the law of conservation of energy, the total amount of energy in the universe ______? | remains constant |
| The transfer of energy to a body by the application of force that caused the body to move in the direction of the force is called? | work |
| What is defined as the rate at which work is done? | power |
| At the top of its arc, a thrown ball has ___ potential energy? | maximum |
| As a dropped penny falls toward the ground, _________ energy is converted to _____ energy. | potential, kinetic |
| As a fly ball is hit in the air, ________ energy is converted to ________ energy. | kinetic, potential |
| A dropped tennis ball will not return to its original position because? | some of the mechanical energy is converted to nonmechanical energy |
| The law of conservation of energy states that energy? | cannot be created or destroyed |
| Mechanical energy can change to nonmechanical energy as a result of? | friction |
| What are the units of power? | watts |
| A baseball is hit into the air with a bat. When does the baseball have the greatest kinetic energy? | when it leaves the bat |
| When work is done, there is always a? | transfer of energy |
| If a car quadruples its velocity, how does it affect its KE? | it is 16 times greater |
| If a car doubles its velocity, how does it affect its KE? | it is 4 times greater |
| If a car triples its velocity, how does it affect its KE? | it is 9 times greater |
| If an object doubles its height, how does that affect its GPE | it is doubled |
| How doe the rate at which you climbed the stairs affect your work? | time is not a component of work so it had no effect. |
| How doe the rate at which you climbed the stairs affect your power? | the faster work is completed, the more power is exerted. |
| Where is the kinetic energy the greatest at on a roller coaster | at the bottom of the first hill (it is the lowest point usually) |
| On a roller coaster, can there be any higher point than the first hill? | No, not unless extra energy is added to the system (like the Maverick) |
| Carrying a pumpkin, work or nonwork? | nonwork (force is up while pumpkin does not) |
| Setting a plate down, work or nonwork? | nonwork (force is up while plate goes down) |
| Shutting a door, work or nonwork? | work (force and direction are same) |
| Pulling a wagon, work or nonwork? | work (force and direction are same) |
| A slap shot in hockey, work or nonwork? | nonwork (puck no longer in contact with stick) |
| What is the formula to determine the Power rating of an electrical device? | P = E/t |
| Who is more powerful? Sally does 20 J in 10 s while Jenny does 10 J in 10 s. | Sally is twice as powerful (2 W vs. 1 W) |
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