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Chapter 4 & 5

DHS PS CH 4/5 - Work, Energy, & Power (online course)

QuestionAnswer
Energy has the ability to ___________ ? cause change
What 2 factors determine how much kinetic energy an object has? speed and mass
A glass sitting on the edge of a table is an example of what kind of energy? potential or GPE
A ball rolling across the floor is an example of what kind of energy? kinetic
Energy stored in chemical bonds is? chemical potential energy
What two factors determine how much gravitational potential energy is in an object? weight (mass x gravity) of the object and height above the ground
Energy in the form of motion is what kind of energy? kinetic
What is the formula for calculating kinetic energy? 1/2mv2
What is the SI unit used to measure energy? Joule
What is the abbreviation for Joules? J
Energy stored in a motionless object potential
Energy stored by things that stretch or compress is what kind of energy? elastic potential energy
Energy stored in chemical bonds between atoms is what kind of energy? chemical potential energy
Energy stored by things that are above Earth's surface is what kind of energy? gravitational potential energy
What is the abbreviation for gravitational potential energy? GPE
The amount of GPE an object has depends on what 3 things? mass, the acceleration due to gravity, and its height above ground
What is the formula for calculating GPE? mgh
What kind of energy does food provide for your body? chemical potential energy
As energy transformation occur within a system, the total energy of the system must ________? remain constant
During energy transformations, energy is never? created or destroyed
A baseball is hit into the air with a bat. When does the baseball have the greatest gravitational potential energy? when it reaches its highest point
The law of conservation of energy states that? energy cannot be created or destroyed
In what units are food energy measured in? calories
Both nuclear fusion and fission have what in common? they convert mass into energy
By what process does the Sun produce enough energy to warm Earth? nuclear fusion
Is friction a form of energy? No
Is thermal a form of energy? Yes
Is electrical a form of energy? Yes
Is chemical a form of energy? Yes
Why isn't all the chemical potential energy found in gasoline transformed into mechanical energy? because of friction
What is it called with energy is changing from one form to another? energy conversions
What form of energy does fuels store energy in? chemical potential energy
The total amount of potential and kinetic energy in a system is called? mechanical energy
Energy may change from one form to another, but the total amoung of energy never changes is called? Law of Conservation of Energy
As a swing moves back and forth, its energy continually converts from kinetic to potential and back is an example of? The Law of Conservation of Energy
Friction converts some of the mechanical energy into? thermal energy
When two nuclei are fused together and takes place in the sun it is called? nuclear fusion
Two nuclei are broken apart in? nuclear fission
Energy from food that is stored in your body is used to fuel the processes that keep you alive is what kind of energy? chemical potential energy
What is used to measure how much energy you get from various foods? calorie
Is energy lost when a car burns gasoline? No, energy is always conserved. When a car burns gasoline, that energy is changed to kinetic energy which makes the car move.
What is it called when the transfer of energy that occurs when a force makes an object move? work
Picking up a stack of dishes from the table is an example of? work
When work is done, there is always a ______ __ _______? transer of energy
What is the rate at which work is done? power
Power is measured in? watts
A watt is equal to? one joule per second
What do we call the transer of energy that occurs when a force makes an object move? work
For work to occur, an object must? move
The motion of the object must be in what direction as the applies force on the object? the same direction
Energy is always ___________ from the object doing the work to the object on which the work is done. transferred
Work is done on an object when a ______ is being applied to the object and the object moves. force
When calculating work, work equal force (in newtons) times ______. distance
The amount of work done in a certain amount of time is called? power
A rate at which work is done is called? power
To calculate power, power equal? work divided by time
Power is measured in? watts
How are energy and work related? Energy is transferred from an object doing work to an object being worked on
The kinetic energy of an object increases as its _____ increases. velocity
Increasing the speed of an object _____ its potential energy. does not affect
The SI unit for energy is the? Joule (J)
Does an upright piano make use of electrical energy? No
Does a radio make use of electrical energy? Yes
Does a toaster make use of electrical energy? Yes
Does a digital camera make use of electrical energy? Yes
A bus engine transfers chemical potential energy into _____ so that the bus moves. kinetic energy
In a nuclear fusion reaction, mass is transformed into? energy
According to the law of conservation of energy, the total amount of energy in the universe ______? remains constant
The transfer of energy to a body by the application of force that caused the body to move in the direction of the force is called? work
What is defined as the rate at which work is done? power
At the top of its arc, a thrown ball has ___ potential energy? maximum
As a dropped penny falls toward the ground, _________ energy is converted to _____ energy. potential, kinetic
As a fly ball is hit in the air, ________ energy is converted to ________ energy. kinetic, potential
A dropped tennis ball will not return to its original position because? some of the mechanical energy is converted to nonmechanical energy
The law of conservation of energy states that energy? cannot be created or destroyed
Mechanical energy can change to nonmechanical energy as a result of? friction
What are the units of power? watts
A baseball is hit into the air with a bat. When does the baseball have the greatest kinetic energy? when it leaves the bat
When work is done, there is always a? transfer of energy
If a car quadruples its velocity, how does it affect its KE? it is 16 times greater
If a car doubles its velocity, how does it affect its KE? it is 4 times greater
If a car triples its velocity, how does it affect its KE? it is 9 times greater
If an object doubles its height, how does that affect its GPE it is doubled
How doe the rate at which you climbed the stairs affect your work? time is not a component of work so it had no effect.
How doe the rate at which you climbed the stairs affect your power? the faster work is completed, the more power is exerted.
Where is the kinetic energy the greatest at on a roller coaster at the bottom of the first hill (it is the lowest point usually)
On a roller coaster, can there be any higher point than the first hill? No, not unless extra energy is added to the system (like the Maverick)
Carrying a pumpkin, work or nonwork? nonwork (force is up while pumpkin does not)
Setting a plate down, work or nonwork? nonwork (force is up while plate goes down)
Shutting a door, work or nonwork? work (force and direction are same)
Pulling a wagon, work or nonwork? work (force and direction are same)
A slap shot in hockey, work or nonwork? nonwork (puck no longer in contact with stick)
What is the formula to determine the Power rating of an electrical device? P = E/t
Who is more powerful? Sally does 20 J in 10 s while Jenny does 10 J in 10 s. Sally is twice as powerful (2 W vs. 1 W)
Created by: aubiefan
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