Physical geography Word Scramble
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Term | Definition |
Crust | Material beneath the ocean and continents |
Core | Most inner part of the Earth. Iron and nickel |
Mantle | Semi molten rock and magma. Beneath the crust |
Lithosphere | Upper part to the mantle |
Asthenosphere | Below the lithosphere, Plates lay on it |
Sial | Made from silica and aluminium, Oceanic |
Sima | Made from silica and magnesium, Continental |
Plates | Collide, separate and grind by one another. Floats on top of asthenosphere |
Convection currents | Allows the plates to move, currents in the mantle caused by the heat of the core |
Divergent boundary | Constructive, when plates move away from each other |
Convergent boundary | Destructive, two plates collide with each other, Subduction can occur |
Transform boundary | Plates move along side one an other at different speeds |
Subduction | When one plate is sunk beneath another one due to the heavier plate being pushed on top by convection currents |
Fault line | Where two plates meet each other |
Active volcano | Erupts regularly |
Dormant volcano | Has not erupted in 100s of years |
Extinct volcano | Has never erupted in historical times |
Vent | Opening of the earths surface |
Crater | Opening of the volcano |
Basic lava | Low in silica, Runny |
Acidic lava | High in silica, Thick like honey |
Lahar | Mud flow cause when lava melts snow off a mountain |
Intrusive | Underneath the surface |
Extrusive | Above the surface |
Hot spot | Areas of mantle under the crust, Like a blister |
Fissure | Long crack in the crust |
Laccolith | Intrusive, dome-like structure |
Sill | Horizontal sheets of volcanic rock that cooled beneath the crust |
Dyke | Thin vertical sheets of volcanic rock that runs parallel to rock strata |
Focus | Where earthquakes occur |
Epicentre | Above the focus |
Tsunami | Giant wave caused by an earthquake beneath the ocean |
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